Distribution and Transportation Management- Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Effectiveness of various aspects of Transportation Management and the Carrier Relationship Management of Lenovo. Answer: Introduction In the present era of international business, effective process of transportation and distribution management is important for the contemporary business organizations in order to deliver their products in destinations around the world safely and in time. The aim of this report is to discuss about the effectiveness of various aspects of transportation management (Rushton, Croucher baker, 2014). This will include the selection of the proper incoterm and carrier. Moreover, this report will also discuss about the carrier relationship management of Lenovo. Accordingly, recommendations will be provided, which will further help to enhance the transportation management of them. Lenovo is one of the leading computer hardware manufacturers in world. Their product portfolio ranges from personal computer, laptops and mobile devices. Their country of origin is China; however, they are having their manufacturing facilities and logistic hubs in different countries (About Lenovo, 2017). The sector where Lenovo operates is highly competitive in nature with having several competitors in the market. Due to this reason, pricing of the products have to be kept in check in order to attract more customers. Moreover, the organizational goal of Lenovo is to provide products having updated and latest technology in affordable prices for mass market. Their organizational strategy of offering mass market products is helping the in achieving their goal of market leader in the computer hardware sector. Thus, in order to offer the products in affordable cost, Lenovo is in the need of having effective transport management, which will help them in reducing the cost of transportation of their products from the country of manufacturing to other countries (Kaszubowski, 2012). Moreover, due to the reason that computer products are sensitive to transportation damages, carrier and incoterms should be selected accordingly. Existing transportation process of Lenovo International commercial terms also known as Incoterms are being introduced by International Chamber of Commerce. These terms are being used by the exporters and importers around the world in selecting their mode of transport. There are various Incoterms, which are being introduced for diversified and varied uses for the stakeholders in the international business (Cavusgil, Knight Riesenberger, 2013). Thus, Lenovo being one of the leading global organizations and having operations across the world, they are in the need of effective and suitable incoterms to be used. Lenovo involves third party logistics firms in managing their logistics and transportation along with the initiation of the supply chain software. They do not involve transportation of their products by own (Stadtler, 2015). Moreover, with the help of the latest supply chain software, they are being able to internally manage the purchase orders, shipping notices and product invoices. DHL is one of their logistic partners who foresee their distribution operation in Brazil. However, one of the key issues being faced by them is the increase in the cost of transportation. This is due to the reason that, involvement of the third party logistics is increasing their cost of transportation (Aguezzoul, 2014). Moreover, on the other hand, another issue being identified is the lack of control in the process of transportation. This is due to the reason that, due to the involvement of the third party firms, Lenovo do not have the direct control over their transportation process. Thus, it is diffi cult for them to control and regulate the damages being occurred in the course of the transportation. There is an urgent need for them to have their own transportation process with having effective and suitable incoterms. Recommended incoterms Figure: 1 Cost and freight incoterm One of the recommended incoterms for Lenovo will be the Cost and Freight (CFR). This is due to the reason that, majority of the goods being transported by Lenovo is through waterways. Thus, this incoterm is most suitable for the water transportation. According to this incoterm, Lenovo will be responsible for the cost of transporting the goods to the destination port of the buyer (Lindstad, Asbjornslett Jullumstro, 2013). However, the insurance cost will be bear by the buyers. This will also enable Lenovo to transport their products with lower level of trust with the buyers. This is due to the reason that, the insurance cost is being covered by the buyers and thus the associated risk for Lenovo will be lower. Thus, the security in case of any mishaps in the transportation will be looked after by the buyer (Bergami, 2013). Moreover, the risk associated with the seller will be limited to the boarding of the goods in the port of origin. Thus, the risk for Lenovo will also be less due to the use of this incoterm. Figure: 2 Delivered at place incoterm Another effective and suitable incoterm for Lenovo will be the delivered at place. This incoterm is being recommended due to the reason that, it will enable Lenovo to mitigate the risk and responsibility involved in transporting their products to the countries having more risk of duties, tariffs and taxes. Due to the fact that Lenovo is doing their business in majority of the countries, thus, this incoterm should be used by Lenovo. This will help them in mitigating all the risks and cost associated with tax and tariff in the particular destination country. Transportation goal of Lenovo As discussed earlier, Lenovo exports their computer products from their manufacturing and logistics hubs to several countries of destination across the world. Thus, their key transportation goal is to transport their products safely and in time. Moreover, due to the reason that, they are producing and transporting electronic devices, thus, there is higher probability of damages in the course of the transportation (Dunning, 2012). Thus, the transportation goal of Lenovo is to have safe and secure process of transporting of their products. Accordingly, they are in the need of a shipping line or carrier, which will be cost effective as well as reliable and safe. This is due to the reason that, shipping cost is one of the major costs being incurred by them and it have implications on the end price of the products. In addition, due to the reason that, Lenovo is catering to the mass market with their affordable product line, thus they are in the need of a cost effective shipping line, whic h will reduce their transportation cost (Chang Wang, 2014). Criterion for selection of carrier Geographical coverage For the selection of the carrier or shipping line, there are various criterions that should be considered. One of the key criterions that should be given the maximum leverage is the geographical coverage or network of the particular shipping line. This is due to the reason that, Lenovo is having their operation facilities and destination market in various cities around the world. Thus, they will need a shipping line, which will have diverse geographic coverage around the world (Meng et al., 2013). The more will be the geographic coverage of the carrier, the more area will be covered by the Lenovo with their products. This factor should be given the most importance due to the reason that, if the shipping line cannot cover the desired geographical area, then the basic objective of transportation will not get achieved. Equipment availability Another important criterion is the availability of the latest equipment and with different capacity of the shipping line. This factor is the second most important in choosing the carrier for Lenovo due to the reason that, the product portfolio of Lenovo includes the computer hardware and mobile devices. These types of material will require extra care and attention in handling and transporting in order to reduce the rate of damage. Therefore, it is important to determine prior to the selection of the shipping line, whether the chosen shipping line is having enough and suitable equipment to handle the products of Lenovo (Wang Meng, 2012). The more equipped will be the shipping lines; the less probability will be there for damage of the products. This will eventually reduce per unit cost of shipping for Lenovo. According to the theory of transportation, one of the key objectives of effective process of transportation is to reduce per unit cost of shipping. In accordance to that, Lenovo have to select the shipping line, which will have latest and suitable equipment and will help them to reduce the shipping cost. Average transit time Transit time being taken by the carriers should also be considered by Lenovo. This is due to the reason that, the more effective will be the shipping line, the less transit time they will consume in transporting the goods. Involvement of the less time in transit will help them to provide the goods to their buyers in less time. Thus, the buyer satisfaction will get enhanced for them (Bang et al., 2012). Moreover, the reliability of the carrier should also be determined due to reason that, it is important to determine that, whether the carrier can transport the goods safely and without any mishaps or unwarranted incidents. Determination of these factors will help Lenovo to select the carrier, which will take less time in transporting their goods safely. Pickup and delivery Another important criterion that should also be considered is the reliability of the shipping line along with their delivery and pickup effectiveness. This is due to the reason that, the key motive of shipping carrier is to pickup and delivers the goods in time and in right place. For instance, if Lenovo chose a certain carrier, then they have to ensure that the particular carrier will pick up their goods to be transported in time and from the right place (Liu et al., 2014). On the other hand, they will deliver the goods in time at the right destination. This should be ensured due to the reason that, if the chosen carrier cannot deliver or pick up their goods in time, then the transportation will not be effective and it will create negative impression on the buyers over the delay. In determining this factor, evaluation of the background and past experience of the carrier will be helpful and will help to understand their standings in the market in terms of goodwill and reputation. Carrier relationship management According to the model of transportation, the basic three objectives are the cost effectiveness, timely delivery and reliability. As discussed earlier, the transportation goal of Lenovo is to have cost effective mode of shipping along with reducing the chance of damage in transit. Recommended type of relationship The relationship between the consignor and shipper should be in long term basis. This is due to the reason that, one of the key factors that influence the transportation process in the international business is the trust. It is important due to the reason that, in the process of transportation in the international business, certain risks are being associated with both the consignor and the shipper (Monczka et al., 2015). There are various instances where shipper have transported the ordered items but have not got the agreed price from the buyer or seller. On the other hand, consignor has paid the amount of shipping but goods received by the buyer are faulty and different. Thus, initiation of the long term relationship will help both the consignor and shipper to continue with their business agreements along with the enhanced level of trust and understanding. Process of building relationship It is important for the seller to share the profitability of the shipment with the shipper. This will motivate the shipper to get connected or attached with the consignor. Eventually it will enhance the collaboration and understanding among the shipper and the seller. Meeting and managing the commitment should be followed by both the seller and shipper. In the transportation of the goods, it is important to follow the commitment being made prior to the consignment. The more effective fulfillment of commitment by both the parties will help to enhance the long term relationship. Communication is another process, which will help to enhance the long term relationship between the shipper and the seller. If there is any operational change being occurred in the internal organization of the seller, then it should be properly communicated to the shipper and the necessary modifications that they need to do. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that, the existing process of transportation of Lenovo is oriented to third party logistics firms. This report have discussed about the possible incoterms that can be used by them in order to have their own transportation process. Moreover, recommended incoterms will help them to mitigate the risk involved in international transportation of their goods. This report have also discussed about the various criterions, which will help Lenovo to select the perfect and suitable shipping line in order to transport their goods. Various process of enhancing the relationship have also been discussed in this report, which will further help Lenovo in effectively managing their shippers. References About Lenovo | Lenovo. (2017).Www3.lenovo.com. Retrieved 7 November 2017, from https://www3.lenovo.com/en/lenovo/ Aguezzoul, A. (2014). Third-party logistics selection problem: A literature review on criteria and methods.Omega,49, 69-78. Bang, H. S., Kang, H. W., Martin, J., Woo, S. H. (2012). The impact of operational and strategic management on liner shipping efficiency: a two-stage DEA approach.Maritime Policy Management,39(7), 653-672. Bergami, R. (2013). Incoterms 2010: The newest revision of delivery terms.Acta Universitatis Bohemiae Meridionalis,15(2), 33-40. Cavusgil, S. T., Knight, G. A., Riesenberger, J. R. (2013).A framework for international business. Pearson. Chang, C. C., Wang, C. M. (2014). Evaluating the effects of speed reduce for shipping costs and CO 2 emission.Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment,31, 110-115. Dunning, J. H. (2012).International Production and the Multinational Enterprise (RLE International Business). Kaszubowski, D. (2012). EVALUATION OF URBAN FREIGHT TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT MEASURES.LogForum,8(3). Lindstad, H., Asbjrnslett, B. E., Jullumstr, E. (2013). Assessment of profit, cost and emissions by varying speed as a function of sea conditions and freight market.Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment,19, 5-12. Liu, Z., Meng, Q., Wang, S., Sun, Z. (2014). Global intermodal liner shipping network design.Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review,61, 28-39. Meng, Q., Wang, S., Andersson, H., Thun, K. (2013). Containership routing and scheduling in liner shipping: overview and future research directions.Transportation Science,48(2), 265-280. Monczka, R. M., Handfield, R. B., Giunipero, L. C., Patterson, J. L. (2015).Purchasing and supply chain management. Cengage Learning. Rushton, A., Croucher, P., Baker, P. (2014).The handbook of logistics and distribution management: Understanding the supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Stadtler, H. (2015). Supply chain management: An overview. InSupply chain management and advanced planning(pp. 3-28). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Wang, S., Meng, Q. (2012). Robust schedule design for liner shipping services.Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review,48(6), 1093-1106.

William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare-Romeo and Juliet-Who or what was to blame for their deaths? Essay In this assignment I will discuss who was to blame for Romeo and Juliets death. To get a clear idea of each aspect, such as fate, chance, notorious feuds, adolescent passion and other characters influences, I will explore and investigate the language, social issues and historical values of each argument. The famous William Shakespeare between 1594 and 1595 wrote Romeo and Juliet. Set in 16th century Verona, a city in northern Italy, where a brutal feud between the Capulets and the Montagues were blazing. Romeo, a Montague; Juliet, a Capulet fell in love Secrecy, passion then tragedy followed, but who or what was to blame? The majority of people back in Shakespeares day believed in fate and that our lives were controlled by something outside ourselves. They believe we were controlled by fate or fortune. Some people, even nowadays believe in fate and fortune and whatever happens is meant to happen. The Elizabethans thought that every tiny little event or action pushed everything else along in a chain of events. People think they have a choice in what they do, but they dont. So when Romeo and Juliet meet at the ball, it is meant to be, and thy are meant to fall in love. We will write a custom essay on William Shakespeare-Romeo and Juliet-Who or what was to blame for their deaths? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Romeo and Juliet are referred to as star crossed lovers which means that their destiny is written in the stars, like a horoscope nowadays. It means that they are meant to be together. Friar Lawrence warns that violent delights have violent ends, which means that the violent feud between the Montagues and the Capulets will bring an end to Romeo and Juliets lives. Romeo is aware of fate and seems to be a strong believer of it. He often refers to the stars or fortune to describe his feelings. He says his future is hanging in the stars, this means that his future has already been decided and is hidden in the stars. He doesnt know whats in store for him in the future. Romeo also refers himself as fortunes fool, which means he is unlucky and isnt in good fortune. The overall play makes us feel that theres a sense of inevitability about it. In a way, we feel helpless and we feel we want to change certain events so that the ending could have been happier, but the play is about fate and fortu ne in order to adapt to the superstitious Elizabethan audience. Instead of fate and fortune, maybe chance had a part to play in Romeo and Juliets death. Maybe the whole play was bad luck or just a series of unexplained accidents, with the accidental meeting of Peter carrying the Capulets invitation list which resulted in Romeo going to his enemies ball and meeting his one true love, Juliet. Fate or chance? Or what about the non-delivery of Friar Lawrences letter informing Romeo of Juliets plan but of course the letter never arrived which resulted in both their deaths. Fate or chance? Or was Mercutios death just an unhappy chance? Elizabethan audiences were very superstitious and only believed in fate, fortune, chance and religion, which is not the case in the 21st century. In our day and age people tend to believe in science and proven facts rather than fate and fortune although religion still plays a huge part in peoples lives. Puppy love and adolescent passion could these have been the cause of Romeo and Juliets sad end? In order to marry Romeo, Juliet had to disobey her parents because her parents wanted her to marry Paris and Romeo was a Montague so the marriage was highly forbidden. Maybe it was Romeos fault that he acted too hastily asking Juliet to marry him so suddenly or when he rushed back to Verona when he heard of Juliets supposed death when he should have thought about the situation more clearly. Romeo also acted violently without thinking when he killed Tybalt and later Paris, trying to avenge Mercutios death. .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1 , .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1 .postImageUrl , .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1 , .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1:hover , .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1:visited , .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1:active { border:0!important; } .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1:active , .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1 .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u314ccdedad03851aca89e2a108cf83f1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Who is to blame for the tragic deaths of Romeo and Juliet?   EssayJuliet was not allowed to marry Romeo because her father would never agree and would be insulted at the refusal to marry Paris. At this point in history, Verona was a patriarchal city and fathers had virtual control over their daughters. They may give their daughters to whomever they see fit to and would feel deeply insulted if their daughters chose otherwise. Juliet experienced her fathers wrath when he said, go with Paris to Saint Peters church or I will drag thee on a hurdle hither. This quote shows how fathers in 16th century Verona treated their daughters. Girls had to respect their fathers wishes and do as they were told. Romeo and Juliet had to keep their love secret or risk their families finding out. Romeo did not want to kill Tybalt because he was going marry Juliet and become part of their family so Romeo knew it was like killing his own family. Lord and Lady Capulet and Lord and Lady Montague kept the famous feud going but could have easily stopped the whole thing as they were the heads of the family so had most authority. The feud between the Montagues and the Capulets shows us about the social and historical values of the 16th century, we can also see that lots of things have changed since then, such as we dont go round fighting other families and killing each other without being imprisoned. The feud forced Romeo and Juliet to keep their love secret and this caused a lot of avoidable problems, for example, when Tybalt wanted to fight Romeo but Romeo couldnt because he didnt want to hurt Juliet. Tybalt thought that Romeo was just a Montague so he should be slain. Both families exercised hatred and prejudice against each other and this is demonstrated through Shakespeares language. Shakespeare tries to portray Tybalt as an aggressive person who is full of hate, for example Tybalt says, what drawn talk of peace? I hate the word, as I hate hell, all Montagues and thee this quote shows the audience that Tybalt is heartless and arrogant. Sampson, a servant to the Capulet family says, a dog of the house of Montague moves me, this shows that even the servants have no respect for the Montagues. Mercutios attitude to the quarrels made the situation worse. Mercutio calls Tybalt a rat-catcher before he is killed by him, which blatantly aggravated the situation. Mercutio also mocks Tybalt by saying good king of cats, nothing but one of your nine lives, this shows that Mercutio just thought it was a game. Tybalt, more than anyone kept the hatred alive; he was always looking for trouble. The Prince should have acted earlier to stop the feud. It was unjust of him to banish Romeo from Verona when the fight was Tybalts fault. At the start of Romeo and Juliets romance, the nurse was very encouraging of them by passing and carrying messages between he two lovers. As soon as Romeo was banished from Verona for killing Tybalt, the nurse hastily changes her outlook on the situation and Juliet feels quite betrayed. The nurse tells Juliet to forget Romeo and marry Paris by saying, I think it best you married with the County, and praising Paris saying, o, hes a lovely gentleman but slanting Romeo by saying, Romeos a dishclout to him. Friar Lawrence marries Romeo and Juliet in the hope that it would heal the wounds of the feud between the Montagues and the Capulets but this decision was naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve and wrong. Friar Lawrence tries to warn Romeo of his suddenness but Romeo didnt listen. Shakespeare writes some of Friar Lawrences lines so that they rhyme and sometimes they are proverbs to make him sound older and wiser towards Romeo so that he will do what he says is the right thing to do. Although Friar Lawrence is a holy man who was trying to give righteous advice to Romeo, he provides Juliet with a potion to help fake her death, which caused a lot of confusion and pain to Romeo. His intentions were good but his actions were wrong. .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf , .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf .postImageUrl , .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf , .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf:hover , .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf:visited , .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf:active { border:0!important; } .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf:active , .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9107374fea7f7a21fb199094edffecdf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Another quarrel between the Montague and Capulet families EssayI personally think that the feud between the Montagues and the Capulets was to blame for Romeo and Juliets death due to the fact, they fell in love at first sight and then when they found out they were meant to hate each other, everything started to go wrong due to the secrecy. One bad action led to another, a bit like fate, when one event pushes another along. It was a bit of everyones fault but because the feud was the main reason for the secrecy and deceit, I blame it over all the influences. I think that the Elizabethan audience would have believed that it was all down to fate because Romeo and Juliets destiny was written in the stars and they were put on this earth to end the feud between the two families, and they did.

The drop time of the paper helicopter Essay Example

The drop time of the paper helicopter Paper If the mass of the paper helicopter increases, then the drop time of the paper helicopter will decrease because the paper helicopter with the greater mass will take a longer time to reach terminal velocity ( when there is a balance of forces and thus zero acceleration) which results in a shorter drop time because the object is still accelerating. The mass of the paper helicopter will be measured by using 5 paperclips of each . 7g and the same paper helicopter whose mass is . The drop time will be measured with a stopwatch . The timing will start when the hand lets go of the paper helicopter at a drop height of 1 meter and stop when the paper helicopter touches the floor. The same person will be timing for each trial. A control of this experiment would be having the drop height the same throughout the experiment. This will be measured by using a meter stick and marking the height at which to drop the paper helicopter. The paper helicopter will drop at that marked height each time. Another control of this experiment would be having the same person timing the experiment for every trial. To keep the data as consistent as possible, the experiment will be using the same stopwatch, electric scale and paper helicopter each time. Another control would be using 5 paperclips of each with a mass of .7g . Measure each paperclip by placing them (on at a time) onto the electric scale and record. Based on the data collected, the hypothesis is accepted because as the mass of the paper helicopter increases, the average drop time decreases. We will write a custom essay sample on The drop time of the paper helicopter specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The drop time of the paper helicopter specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The drop time of the paper helicopter specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This is evident in the data collected because the paper helicopter with a mass of 1g   had the highest average drop time of while the paper helicopter with a mass of 3. 8g had the lowest average drop time of. This is due to Newtons first and second law. Newtons laws states that an object will accelerate if the forces acting upon it are unbalanced and the amount of acceleration is directly proportional to the amount of net force acting upon it. Falling objects initially accelerate because there is no force big enough to balance the downward force of gravity so the object will continue to accelerate until the air resistance force increases to a large enough value to balance the downward force of gravity. Thus the objects (in this case paper helicopter) with a greater mass will continue to accelerate for a longer period of time then a paper helicopter with a lower mass which thus results in a decrease in drop time. One of the biggest weaknesses in this experiment was the human error with the reaction time when starting and stopping the stop watch. It is impossible to correctly start and stop the stop watch when the paper helicopter drops because of human reaction time (time needs to pass before the thought from the brain reaches the hand to start and stop the stopwatch). This serves as a limitation because although the stop watch was controlled by the same person each time, a different time lapse will pass each time thus causing the inability to accurately time the helicopter drop each time. Another weakness would be that since the person holding the paper helicopter each time has to move their hands, the angle at which the paper helicopter is dropped wont be the same each time which results in a shorter or longer drop time if the paper helicopter lands closer or farther from where it was dropped. There are several ways to improve this investigation to make the data more accurate. To decrease the lapse in stopping the stop watch, using a higher drop height would give the person timing more time to react to when the paper helicopter reaches the floor because the original procedure allowed (at max) 65 seconds to react from the time it took the paper helicopter to drop from the drop height to the floor. Another way to improve this investigation would be to create a stand that will hold the paper helicopter at the same drop height and angle each time so that the distance that the paper helicopter will land will be the same each time. This will reduce the error in time because of a shorter or longer landing distance.

Physical Education Essays

Physical Education Essays Physical Education Essay Physical Education Essay The Spartans and Athenians were the first to have a type of physical education. Though very different, both systems served the people and supplied their needs. The Spartan system was similar to dictatorship, a form of government. At the age of seven, boys were taken to learn basic military skills while living in barracks. When they reached the age of fourteen, they began learning group fighting tactics which would allow them to succeed while in the military from the ages of twenty to thirty. Once thirty, the men could then marry a women who had been doing some training of her own in order to make strong babies. The philosophy of the Spartans was basically to allow them to invade other countries if desired, and to prevent other countries from invading them. The philosophy of the Athenians was quite different compared to the Spartans. The Athenian culture was very democratic, and focused on training of the mind and body. Reading and writing was a large part of society as well as physical activity which took place in the center of the city where the gymnasium was located. The physical education philosophy of the Athenians was the high point of physical education for many years. Some other cycles in physical education that we have evolved from are that of the Romans, the dark ages, and the crusades. The Roman era is a bit disturbing, but is nonetheless a cycle of physical education. Physical education for the Romans was about athletics, which was primarily about entertainment. People were forced to fight to the death, and oftentimes fed to lions. During the dark ages, religion viewed physical education as a waste of time and a work of the devil. The dark ages were a very sedentary time for human civilization. Following the dark ages in approximately 1096, were the crusades. The crusades were a time of muscular Christianity, because of the Muslims conquering Jerusalem. Muscular Christianity is basically Christians believing that the more one trained to become good soldiers, the more Christian a person was. In 1270, the crusades ended and so did the thought of physical education being worthwhile until approximately 1400 when the renaissance period began. Physical education during the renaissance period is quite similar to physical education today. It is done to better oneself, not to be doing something for someone else. The development of physical education had another setback in the 1600s when it was very functional and not a priority. People believed that if it did not have a specific purpose, than it was a waste of time. During the 1700s, there was a big change in physical education that can be largely attributed to three people: Rousseau, Johan Simon, and Guts Muths. Rousseau was the first person to promote education for the masses and he also thought of play as being educational. In 1712, Rousseau invented an activity that is still used by millions of children everyday, recess. Johan Simon was the first physical education teacher and believed physical education should be taught along with reading and writing. Simon believed physical education should include a lot of physical labor. Guts Muths developed a series of gymnastic apparatuses and believed physical education developed very important social skills. These people of the 1700s and the things they did began paving the road to where we are today. During the 1800s, physical education programs were finding their way into universities which contributed to many things we have today. New sports were being invented, intramurals were being brought into schools, women began exercising, gymnasiums could be found in most colleges, and many recreational areas and parks were being built in order to decrease the crime rate. This continued on into the 1900s which brought on the creation of the National Collegiate Athletic Association to regulate college athletics, and the golden age of sports during the 20 and 30s. During this golden age of sport, the number of people in sport increased dramatically, the number of teachers increased, and physical education began moving toward the involvement of sport. In 1941, World War II began which brought a big shock along with it. Of the first 2 million males drafted, 45% failed their physical. With this, physical education began to be very strongly pushed in schools in order to improve the health of the American people. Since W. W. II, the United States has continued to press the importance of  physical education, which brings it to where it is today, a highly complex field with many different sub-disciplines. The sub-disciplines are: Exercise physiology, which is the study of bodily systems and their reactions to the stress of exercise. Kinesiology, which is the study of how the muscular system moves the bony structure of the body. Biomechanics, which is the study of the human body as a mechanical system, utilizing principles and applications from physics. Motor learning, which is the changes in motor performance related to experience and practice. Sport sociology, which is the social structure, social patterns, and social organization of groups engaged in sport. Sport Psychology, which is the stud of behavioral and psychological issues and problems in sport. Sport pedagogy, which is the study of the processes of teaching and coaching, the outcomes of such endeavors, and the content of fitness, physical-education, and sport-education programs. (Siedentop) These sub-disciplines have created many new jobs for people in the field of education, and will surely branch off to form others in the future. Physical education has definitely come a long way since the Spartans and Athenians. From an authoritarian type system to promoting lifespan physical education with many sciences studying the different intangibles of physical education in order to better the mind and body. These new sciences have obviously broadened the umbrella of physical education, but when looking to the future, there really is no end in sight. The growing umbrella will continue getting larger as new thoughts and ideas come, and with them, new sciences also. Definition of Physical Education PHYSICAL EDUCATION is an educational course taken during primary and secondary level, and even tertiary level that encourages psychomotor learning in a play or movement exploration setting to promote health. It is also defined as a process of learning through physical activities designed to improve physical fitness, develop motor skills, knowledge and behavior of healthy and active living, sportsmanship, and emotional intelligence. Thus,  Physical Education is not only aimed at physical development but also includes the development of the individual as a whole. 2. Concepts of physical education Physical Development Objective deals with the program of activities that builds physical power in an individual through the development of the various organic systems of the body. Motor Development Objective concerned with making physical movement useful and with as little expenditure of energy as possible and being proficient, graceful, and aesthetic in this movement. Mental Development Objective deals with the accumulation a body knowledge and the ability to think and to interpret this knowledge. Social Development Objective concerned with helping an individual in making personal adjustments, group adjustment, and adjustments as a member of society. 3. What are the legal basis and related activities in physical education? The legal basis of physical education is stated in the 1987 Constitution, Article XIV Section 19. (1) The State shall promote physical education and encourage sports programs, league competitions, and amateur sports, including training for international competitions, to foster self-discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry. (2) All educational institution shall undertake regular sports activities throughout the country in cooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors. Related Activities aerobic running archery badminton bowling weight training fencing soccer golf gymnastics handball mountain biking pilates self-defense volleyball.

Decision Making - Ethic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Decision Making - Ethic - Essay Example In 6 years, it is pÃŽ ¿ssible tÃŽ ¿ say that these actiÃŽ ¿ns and refÃŽ ¿rms initiate business management ethics which fÃŽ ¿llÃŽ ¿ws strict legal rules values and wÃŽ ¿rk in cÃŽ ¿mpliance with internal and external ethical principles ÃŽ ¿f business. Ethical dilemmas ÃŽ ¿ften invÃŽ ¿lve uncertainty and, when rights and duties are in cÃŽ ¿nflict, it is difficult tÃŽ ¿ find guidance. Ethics is receiving wide-ranging discussiÃŽ ¿n in tÃŽ ¿days pÃŽ ¿pular press as well as in accÃŽ ¿unting literature. Many accÃŽ ¿untants find themselves perplexed by these arguments because they have nÃŽ ¿t been expÃŽ ¿sed tÃŽ ¿ a practical methÃŽ ¿d ÃŽ ¿f dealing with ethical dilemmas. NÃŽ ¿ fÃŽ ¿rmal training and few ÃŽ ¿ppÃŽ ¿rtunities in everyday wÃŽ ¿rking life have been prÃŽ ¿vided fÃŽ ¿r accÃŽ ¿untants ÃŽ ¿n a sustained basis. Greek ecÃŽ ¿nÃŽ ¿mic, philÃŽ ¿sÃŽ ¿phical, religiÃŽ ¿us, legal, business, sÃŽ ¿cial, and ÃŽ ¿ther prÃŽ ¿blem areas and prÃŽ ¿pÃŽ ¿sed sÃŽ ¿lutiÃŽ ¿ns are fÃŽ ¿und in their legal cÃŽ ¿des and in their religiÃŽ ¿us and philÃŽ ¿sÃŽ ¿phic writings (Frederick 62). The SÃŽ ¿cratic philÃŽ ¿sÃŽ ¿phers and military are the chief sÃŽ ¿urces ÃŽ ¿f the ecÃŽ ¿nÃŽ ¿mic, business, and sÃŽ ¿cial thÃŽ ¿ught ÃŽ ¿f that day; their writings are intertwined with philÃŽ ¿sÃŽ ¿phy, ethics, and pÃŽ ¿litics. TÃŽ ¿ ÃŽ ¿btain a better feel fÃŽ ¿r precisely what impact these early writers and thinkers had ÃŽ ¿n present day management and ethical, mÃŽ ¿ral, and sÃŽ ¿cial practices, twÃŽ ¿ ÃŽ ¿f these Greek writers will be examined. First, the writings ÃŽ ¿f PlatÃŽ ¿ (427B.C. - 347B.C.) and then AristÃŽ ¿tle (384B.C. -- 322B.C.) will be examined. The scÃŽ ¿pe ÃŽ ¿f PlatÃŽ ¿s and AristÃŽ ¿tles writings was wide and represented the general thinking and beliefs ÃŽ ¿f the Greek philÃŽ ¿sÃŽ ¿phers ÃŽ ¿f that time; th ey delved intÃŽ ¿ the ecÃŽ ¿nÃŽ ¿mic and sÃŽ ¿cial system in its parts, hÃŽ ¿w it shÃŽ ¿uld wÃŽ ¿rk, and hÃŽ ¿w it shÃŽ ¿uld be used tÃŽ ¿ achieve the desired gÃŽ ¿als and ÃŽ ¿bjectives (BuchhÃŽ ¿lz and RÃŽ ¿senthal 62). Even thÃŽ ¿ugh

Shermine Narwani and Maysaloon Albadri Research Paper

Shermine Narwani and Maysaloon Albadri - Research Paper Example However, Maysaloon Albadri, a critic of Narwani, uses logos and the rhetoric appeal of pathos to discredit her assertions. In this article, I will illustrate the manner in which Maysaloon and Narwani have applied logos, pathos, and rhetoric appeal to make their claims appealing to the audience. Maysaloon begins his essay by analyzing the nature of Narwani’s article. He points out that any well-written and relatively neutral article that raises the slightest doubts that Assad’s regime is killing its people should not be taken seriously. He explains that Narwani’s article, which talks about the regime killing its people, is distributed crazily and cited as future proof that Syria subjected to conspiracy (Maysaloon 2). The point that he is trying to put across is that the fact that a piece is well-written does not mean it holds the truth. Essentially, Maysaloon uses this kind of argument, which is based on credible evidence, to invalidate the assertions of Narwani in a way that really appeals to the readers. This is a perfect application of logos, which increase authenticity of the author’s claims. Ideally, the reader would identify with this kind of logic, which is very appealing and convincing. Maysaloon increases the appeal of his argument by logically analyzing the happenings in the Arab League, in a way that disputes Narwani’s main theme. Narwani explains that there are armed groups fighting the regime, which were not mentioned in the protocol. Maysaloon acknowledged this as a fact, but uses pathos to create a false sense of pity for Narwani’s tendency to create fabrications of the issues regarding the international media. This aspect is brought out clearly when he says â€Å"It is curious that Miss Narwani seems to think that the conventional narrative does not mention an armed element to Syria’s uprising, when it does† (Maysaloon 5). Here, Maysaloon uses the word ‘curious’ to create the illusion that he would not expect a person of the class of Narwani to reason in such a manner, and could not identify why she misunderstood traditional narrative. This word is used to create a condescending tone and pathos, which is a clever way improving the appeal of one’s ideas. Ideally, the pathos and logos are used to portray Narwani as incapable of writing sensible articles for media publication. The use of logos throughout the article, therefore, makes the readers want to know more about what Maysaloon is discussing, and identifies with Narwani’s assertions as lacking credence. In her article, â€Å"Foolishly ignoring the Arabs League report on Syria† (Narwani 1), Narwani says that the international media completely ignores the armed entities that are also fighting against the regime, a fact that Maysaloon disputes strongly by use of logos. As a result, the audience is easily convinced that Narwani claims are misinformed. To support his divergent views, Maysaloon says that the conventional narrative that Narwani refers to exist only â€Å"in the mind of most ardent supporters of Assad†. He adds that the media has, in fact, made many reports about groups such as the free Syrian army and oth er local groups that are attempting to protect themselves from the regime (Maysaloon 5). Maysaloon further discredits Narwani through a simple observation that she never cites any reference or source regarding the claim that there is a media conspiracy, which undermines or degrades the Arab League mission. Maysaloon is also using logos through reasoning and logic, in order to rule out the farces, and hence, seek the truth. Narwani’s notion regarding conspiracy has no foundation and,

Voices of Freedom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Voices of Freedom - Essay Example As the discussion highlights strong believed that the minor races did not have any option but to conform to the views of the superior race. Document 112 presents Emilio Aguinaldo on American imperialism in the Philippines. Aguinaldo was of the opinion that Americans needed to give the Philippines the right to self-governance and independence. In his view, it was ironical that America represented particular ideals of freedom, yet they denied the Philippines their right to independence.This essay discusses that the events in Memphis changed Ida Wells’ attitude towards lynching after her first hand witnessed the events that unfolded. Many of the lynchings had been based on lies and false accusations of black people. In the Memphis lynching, three black men were shot dead. Before the men were killed, it had been declared that their grocery store would be destroyed. To prevent the attack, the three partners hired men to protect their grocery store. Some white men who stole goods fr om the store were shot by the black men and wounded. Such events led to many colored men imprisoned. The following day, the three black men were killed. After witnessing such events and reading the newspapers published the following day, Wells realized that the lynchings were staged to eliminate black people. In her view, it was an evident demonstration of racial segregation. The Memphis lynching led to the destruction of her newspaper, an aspect that motivated her to begin an anti-lynching movement.