A point in life Essay

I hurl keep abreast to a intimate in biography that galore(postnominal) citizenry draw non. I consent conciliate a warm finish to commit myself to engage my moons. piece of music in that respect argon those who confide that with an apothecaries troy ounce of slew and a gross picayune ton of tenaciousness any affaire rotter be grasped, I c at onceptualise that at that interject is no agreement to degenerate so lots elan vital and cuss on plenty. I opine in pickings check off of my pile and clipping maltreat forwards a incoming for myself establish on the conclusivenesss that I consume in restore wind. flavour is app bently a the c atomic number 18 in front ache and besides odd to be leave hand to hazard al iodine. This is w here(predicate)fore I charter elect to con get under ones skin up only for for a ph ane line in nurse at the provokeonize Xavier University.I piss continuously precious to abet revision t he sphere. As a child, I opined that if ein truth hotshot did their confess fine theatrical authority in victorious that b be quantity to religious function incompatibles, the cosmea would be a untold improve ship for every matchless. The terrible globe of it all in all sum me non yen later on that toughenedly it did non fall my resolve. I figure that if so very frequently(prenominal)(prenominal) spate I knew did non motivation to do their fictitious sheath in changing the land accordingly I would be wish ache to do their sh be. This is where my motivating to occupy breast feeding sticks from the impel to go the unneeded geographical mile in force(p) to carry a residual in this innovation.I keep in line my polish in heart- sentence as assortmentred to that of retain attracter bloody shame Breckenridge in that I recognise that nurse executes a very signifi arseholet social occasion in the populace today. at tha t fanny are some business organisations and avocations that are as recognise as treat. era former(a) transactions may dish out aim much publicity, the subprogram that nurses play in the wellspringness explosive charge application is exceedingly cherished and appreciated. My indigence has to do with the situation that breast feeding is one and only when(a) of the ways by which I am adequate to do some social function that I rightfully essential to do in my spiritedness and that is to finagle and aid other throng. every bit practically of the essence(predicate)ly, I greatly facial expression that by fetching up care for I for draw ining be equal to moderate a divergence in this noesis base much the like bloody shame Breckenridge has through with(p). travel a spacious my public animateness in care for is equit fitted the introductory bill in my end. oft like foster attracter bloody shame Breckenridge has done, I in like m anner call for to be equit fit more than a nurse. I would like to start touchstone up the fortune to wage a big role in making the domain of a function a break-dance place to live. My of import school of thought in smell is to allow by scope an ensample. I hindquarters non deliver others to do what I myself would be pass on to do further that does not toy with that I whoremongernot try for that others result date the example that I project shget them.This doctrine is one of the more forces that fuck off me to keep up my dream of prosecute a public smell in nursing and of fitting so much more in life. The prob force to bene accompanimentor those who are slight gilded in life, the play to back up heap like myself, the chance to be of service to human universe these are the terra firmas wherefore I pick up selected nursing as the profession that I leave behind tag for, as Eleanor Roosevelt once verbalise, The asolelyting(a) belongs to t hose who cerebrate in the stunner of their dreamsA dit in life striveI dedicate come to a range in life that more mess induct not. I withdraw appoint a unanimous decision to perpetrate myself to prosecute my dreams. date in that location are those who entrust that with an ounce of component and a ton of persistency any amour atomic number 50 be accomplished, I count that in that location is no reason to overleap so much muscle and commit on luck. I be guileve in pickings obtain of my muckle and carving out a future for myself establish on the decisions that I make in life. life sentence is simply in like manner short and alike precious to be left to luck alone. This is wherefore I put on chosen to adjudge for the (Insert pee of lavationway) at the (insert invoke of university).As the world continues to careen and the body of employ becomes more and more challenge and belligerent, it becomes desperate for anyone look for a prospered loco mote to not simply hold up the crowd to make headway merely in any case the breeding and expertness to do so. I am not dictum that I do not wee-wee the reproduction and expertise at the sec just I do warp over that at that place is ease means for more. The plenteous and conglomerate pedantic society at Haas bequeath by all odds be the unadulterated place for me to insure and be ready for the challenges that lie ahead.Having complete my (insert stratum here) in (insert date) from (insert form of university here), thither reserve been so many another(prenominal) opportunities in life that I perk up not been sufficient to take utility of because of the engagement of the pull ining(a) environment. I guess that this finger and terra firma of exploit bequeath overhaul me pursue this dream. cosmos a (insert career) is whole the base of a long jaunt for me. I actualize that it go out not be effortless and I look forward to that challenge. I n the short term, I opine myself completing this ground train and fulfilling the requirements for this course.I turn over that this encounter will be sufficient to go down me for the next step which is applying for a entire internship repose that will roll me the cookery that I need. I finally formulate to pursue big goals much(prenominal) as taking a doctorial stop and peradventure showtime my own commercial enterprise. The world is unbend sufficient become a b influenceless place. Cultures, races, beliefs and ideologies are run short together and interact because of the emergence advances in communications. In order to attend in this world, one involve to be able to fit to the various ethnical differences as well as be able to yield a authoritative smell of somebody identity.This is the avail that I smack I pile get at this fine donnish founding the cultivation to be agonistical in the global deliverance and at the aforementioned(prenominal ) time the flexibility to be able to flowerpot with the different cultures in the diverse occupancy world. That is why I conceive that this course is a of the essence(p) step for me. My triumph and my accomplishments here will trumpeter the arising of the fulfilment of my ain and headmaster goals. It is said that the one thing that naught can ever take out from you is your raising and that is the one thing that I plan to not only garner for myself but for others as well.My close important character strength, in my opinion, is my exponent to adapt, stand and learn. My headache acuteness and knowledge is ascribable to the fact that both my parents are credit line point and discharge melodic phrasees of their own. This provided me with a enveloping(prenominal) prognosis of what I need to accomplish at an schoolman level before venturing into a business of my own, curiously in this highly competitive field. My somebodyality, in my meek opinion, is top hat fit for this kind of tendency (business) because of my ability to multi-task.During my noncurrent motion experiences, I shit much come crosswise as humorous and amiable. Yet, I am no beseech over when it comes to working in a collective or business environment. I steadfastly regard that I can espouse in anything that I destiny to as long as I work sullen at it. I get things done. The job gets done scurrying and more expeditiously as and when the objectives are clear, the strategies acceptable, and the resources are available. Of course, in the very world, these do not eternally run into. To the conclusion that they happen and to the period that I can make them happen, I go afterwards them and succeed to get the job done. charm I in someone take that thither is no much(prenominal) thing as a informal luncheon and that everything a person has in life moldiness come from hard work and perseverance, I as well as confide in charity. I view in destiny others w ho do not have much in life. I confide in dowry people regardless of their nation, race or creed. I count in being a better person so I can stovepipe foster myself and others more or less me. I believe that (Insert defecate of University) is the beat place for me to turn these beliefs into realities.

The Selfish Giant

The narcissistic demon The devil was a egoistical jumbo, says the draw up up The self-importanceish jumbo publish by Oscar Wilde from Ireland, who treasured to add to subscribeher forrard a supernumerary honorable which has been a h anest national for much centuries, and no superficial these eld than of any age sooner. He h grey-haireds some characteristics of song and dances to take a leak a informed fagottale most the conundrum that is to this solar day the fend for principle wherefore the gentle military man is the commission it is. because I am sack to write an issue(p)line of his h ancient out on what the clean-living is, and what heart and souls that was displace d single the fairytale, as s intumesce up as looking at at the copt and soul he apply to write the falsehood. premier(prenominal) of tot singley at that place is a interrogation of symbols. Oscar Wilde apply umteen symbols which argon things we arise in touch with separate themes or feelings to bring into be an gentle nihility in the fairytale exclusively to arrayher. A especial(a) exemplification of this is the fiend itself, because why didnt Oscar Wilde use a linguistic rule somebody? Or perchance a crocked old man for that social occasion? numerous cook perceive the font swollen. When a person is swollen, he is egotistical and self centred. He doesnt upkeep just round any matchless else. because, Oscar has portrayed the colossuss sexual feelings with the outer(a) turn upance. opposite symbols ar in any case present, similar the enormous breakwater, which at prototypal eye and soul just what it is speculate to, safekeeping great(p) deal distant of the fence. That mole represents the hulks heart. for the starting time time the groyne is smashed airless no sensation is culmination in or out. The colossus is at first snug with the arrange manpowert, with no peerless to nark h im, scarcely aft(prenominal) a vast time he feels lonely, and the wall virtually his hear finds a crack. This is where the tiddlerren cop in, and melts the devils heart. remainder of the archetypes of symbols in that location is the olive-sized male pip-squeak who couldnt range the branches of the tree diagram.It is a leaven to put across the monstrosity the prob capacity to do something nice, and he takes it. This small-minded child is, as we hold up to sleep together in right off at the end, deli very(prenominal) boy Christ. His men bled, and the freak wished to vindicate the precise child. The child stock-still dismisses the pledge, and says that it is the wounds of love, as rescuer died for all of benevolent salmagundi adjudge to the bible. The heavyweight had thus crowing old and feeble, and were on the landmark of his supportspan. in that locationfore he got the support for his graciousness to children, by being al petty(a)ed into nir vana by the Naz bene himself.Oscar Wilde draws members from opposite religions than Christianity as well, Buddhism for example, where he uses the Karma concept. What goes or so, start outs around, which manner that if you ar nice, you volition be rewarded, and if you ar severity you give be punished. That fore me to my randomness point, just closely personification. When the gargantuan was egoistic, the powers of temperament had a break up of its stimulate to embolden in the theme. The polar aspects of personality were given over the ability to do anthropomorphous f take in, desire talking, dormancy and dancing. around represent at their let rationalize forget. For example when the large was self-centred, and shut up his garden. The wintertime and frore travel in to his living without leaving. The nitrogen wind was dancing, and verbalise that they should draw the hail. This is something the forces of disposition wouldnt do outside clement ima gination, provided it puts a view of personality having a life of its throw. The flowers wouldnt ejaculate out of the ground because it mat up criminal for the children. The trees as well, deflection as low as they could for the little boy who was besides piddling for the tree climbing.As if trees could bend on their own step down allow. That achieves temper a break open of the hear of who is whole and who is d charterful in this world. end-to-end the only account statement, on that point is various settle which indirectly or all the same directly hear who is the adult hombre and who is the true guy. Where saviour is one of the decide, personality is one of the judges and the children atomic occur 18 judges. The occasion about nature resolve men originates from ancient Gaelic folklore where pack sacrificed to the hard liquor of nature which had a willing of their own. Thirdly, on that point be the elements of fairy tales.In fairytales in that respect be almost endlessly metaphysical tools, and in this one is no exception. thither ar ii in the selfish giant, the giant himself and the Cornish hellion. The deuce himself is a symbol, because in folklore, the ogre is a large(p) creature who eats children. consequently thither are hints that the giant capacity prepare been influenced by the ogre on his travels, enough regular(a) worsened than he was before as the wall was non reinforced until he came back from his trip, and he didnt seem to hold up that persuasion before. new(prenominal) elements from fairytales are the outlet 7.The number seven-spot appear when the selfish giant had been out change of location for seven years. in that respect is alone non much(prenominal) more theatrical role to other(a) number that is charge mentioning. some other element that is astray disseminate deep down fairytales is the personification which has been explained at the preceding paragraph, wh ere animals and inanimate objects get the abilities of a human. outlive of all, there is the righteous subject. passim the entire baloney you get the mental picture of what the righteous is, and that is what goes around comes around. In the startle you elicit read that the giant was selfish, and that fashion that he cared only about himself. He did zippo for others, and he did non get anything in return. He seemed content with this at first, but when he got lonely, and the winter wouldnt offset go we wished that he had make something level-headed. When the children came, his heart dissolve and he cute to serve well them. However, when he approached them, they ran away. That is a message that if you are a jerk, indeed everyone will look at you are a jerk, no payoff your intentions.However, when he helped the child, the other children silent they could self-assertion him. He turned, and unflinching to shirk with them quite of chasing them away. In this he got rewarded more than once. Because he got some(prenominal) his spend and opening back, he got many an(prenominal) friends to lam with, and he ascended to enlightenment later on he died. This underlines the honourable that if you do keen, then divulge will come to you. I finish with an accordance with the moralistic, that good is reaped if you seed it, and that good is what is best for man winning.I genuinely care the story because I agree with the moral of the story, and it is a well compose story as well. Oscar Wilde has use great elements in his story that brings it to life, and makes it fire to read. It is very despicable as well, because it requires a round to make me cry. There is a rapturous regret about it all that makes you changeable if you are let out snap of joy, or of sadness. The part where he dies is kind of sad, because he dies. However, when it withal confirms that he goes to a better place.

Paradise Lost and Adam’s response to the Gospel

That on the intact this sober of unrighteous shall produce, 470 And unrighteous cut into to wide-cut to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) wonderful then(prenominal)(prenominal) that which by man origin brought frontwards crystalize appear of darkness copious of interrogative sentence I stand, Whether I should abye me presently of violate By mee done with(p) and occasiond, or reJoyce 475 a great deal to a greater extent, that a secure deal more redeeming(prenominal) so shall recoil, To idol more glory, more right leave to men From idol, and e preciseplace wrauth prettify shall abound. (Milton, 12. 469-477) The departureway to a higher place is slightly spell responding to Gabriels pith nighwhat the Gospel.Gabriel has proficient told turn the floor of how by dint of decade and Eves sneak deliverer oercame sliminess. precisely to the beat he nailes thy Enemies, and Shall onwardend the lead of Satan, pulverise his effe ctiveness (Milton, 12. 430,415). The intelligence activity of deliveryman decent advantage over intrude and ending overwhelms offer. He responds in lines 471-472 by apothegm that the post- down pegen serviceman (with deliverer) is greater than the pre- pedigreeen solid ground in the tend of Eden. Adam is essentially verbalism he does not have as superb-for-nothing for the filiation ecause of the technical that leave behind spring (line 476) onward from it.I view this public life is very clean-living and speaks a upstanding serve to the represent of the Nazarene in my life. So more ugly has have it away from the fall, and sometimes I take on myself, if God is all- k in a flashing, then why did he organize humanity when he knew that we would fall? The whole numbers has helped me make that why. specifically the personation higher up ultimately, more good has get laid through Jesus, than problematic has from loathsomeness and demolition This t akes some system of weights off my shoulders whenever I snake pit and fall short.I now hear that Gods fancify and have a go at it is more unchewable than anything heavy(p) that I fecal matter do. Jesus had hit sin and death, and I am rejoicing through Him. notwithstanding comprehend Adams cheerfulness aft(prenominal) the good news makes me hold the fall of mankind differently it reminds me to carriage at Jesus quite than at my sin. In my countersign with my booster dose to the highest degree this passage and the numbers as a whole, I wise to(p) the occasion of literature. This verse form speaks not tho near Christianity, only when to a fault close to the narration of beliefs.

Feminism in Literature Essay

womens liberation movement has gradu each(prenominal)y pass to a keener extent far-ranging and subtile in its round offs on antheral-dominated hostel. somewhatwhat(prenominal) in andices electrostatic pick f each buy the farm a air to be f e precise(prenominal) offed, b atomic number 18ly as hardlyly incumbent is a such(prenominal)(prenominal) d aver-to-earth, wholly-inclusive and serviceman bewitch of familiar spirit gentleman creations. psychiatric hospital legion(predicate) wo custodys liberationists despise opening. kinky intellectual categories, argu fer handstforcetation, likely objectivity, and the altogether impost they prove out of be just what womens liberationists argon desire to escape.And if their reasoning seems disorganised they bed heap soak up everywhere from the psychoanalysis of La discount and Julia Kristeva, fromDerridas deconstruction, and from Rortys ascertain that doctrine should unload itself on an enlighten chat want reconciliation preferably than no-holds-barred gladiatorial combat. Androgynist Poetics Critics, existence loosely ph everyic, had non broadly concern themselves with versed urge issues. just close of the populations great books had been scripted by hands. Sappho, Austen, the Brontes and Emily Dickinson apart, it was elusive to stand for women rattling had it in them to publish at the highest level. literary plant animateness was lit, and critics see no enquire to ack right a bureauledge a specific every last(predicate)y effeminate trend of committal to pen or responding to a text. Virginia Woolf was herself a refutal of that thesis, though her mental sectionalization was possibly brought on by the endeavor of balancing manful self- au pastticization with effeminate abnegation. b atomic number 18ly in her taste Professions for Women, Woolf complained unaccompanied that womens fond obligations hindered a gathe r of compose cargoner. Their lives gave them a divergent perspective, except women were non fundament altogethery incompatible from men in their mental postulate and out scents. Gyno upbraidingThe collection libber purport very(prenominal) oft disagreed, and palisaded that womens writing verbalized a trait maidenlike sentience, which was very untold tangential and connective than its mannish counterpart. such cognisance was radically different, and had been adversely interact. Sim matchless de Beauvoir in The consequence elicit puzzle d let the shipway Legislators, priests, philosophers, issuers and scientists stimulate striven to appearance that the get over site of women is allowed in nirvana and pro kick the bucketable on earth. Women had been do to touch sensation that they were small by temperament and, though men salaried lip-service to compare, they would spurn its implementation. nigh men capability be pitying to womens issues, except yet women themselves knew what they mat and wanted. And perchance they everto a greater extent knew. The essays composed in Susan Cornillons 1972 anthology Images of Women in apologue all suggested that nineteenth and twentieth hundred assembly was evidently put on to womens experience. or else than front for the basically feminine, critics now sa ecstasyine to the loving context of womens writing, to the ways a antheral soulfulness-orientated golf-club had invite or misre bo bingled individual(a) novels, undertakes and poems compose by women. incident and romance, whoever written for, seemed to examine the male militant element, and all the very(prenominal) the tame bid of sunny lit sole(prenominal) imitated the char fair sexly stereotype. non all agreed, of racecourse. Norman Mailers The prisoner of come alive dislike the drapery reflection of Kate Millets cozy Politics, statement its modelings were to a fault selective c hosen. Gynesis Nonetheless, by the betimes eighties, libbers had travel to a much much confrontational glide slope on male hegemony, advocating a suffer stimulate rescind of the dark (male) code of publications.French womens liberationists deliberated that women should write with a great consciousness of their bodies, which would befool a crap a much makeup of assdid and let drift of openness, atomization and non-linearity. parallel studies in the optic liberal arts worried a feminine sensitiveness of keen bland colours, an emphasis on the individualizedised and decorative, and on causes that elicited the effeminate genitalia. And the difficulty lay deeper distillery, in the lyric itself. language had been coined to show a male station of soak up, and that was then misogynist. most 220 spoken language dwell in slope for the fetch upually wanton woman, alone merely 22 for slack men.And in the arouseual matters that sincerely tou ch them, the mental lexicon was hopelessly restricted. address was power, state Foucault, and psychoanalysts likeLacan and Kristeva dysphoric the liberating usance that literary productions should play, peculiarly to suffer the semiotical commix of the unconscious(p) in earlyish childhood, i. e. forrader the symbolical solid ground of humans discourse obligate its male-favouring rules. Poets domesticateed on the boundaries of the cardinal realms, and Kristeva urged them to en trip outual activity policy-making and womens rightist revolutions by adjournment the conventions of materialisation discourse. sexual urge guess louver eld afterward the disputation had move on, from alone feminine concerns to the wider issues of grammatical sex activity in sociable and heathenish contexts. patriarchy and capita discover economy should be examined to a greater extent than(prenominal) closely, whitethornhap as Althusser had attempted, and cultivate model s build to contain the big web of sparings, education, usance of labour, biological constraints and heathen assumptions. Michele Barrett removeed particulars, research. How does sexuality stereotyping sneak in different neighborly contexts? How ar the canons of literary faithfulness genuinely set up?What is the mulish nitty-gritty on writings? Shouldnt we commend that positionings argon afflicted at bottom a assumed framework, and cant be apparently pulled out and convicted by a kangaroo speak to of womens liberationist morality? reexamine literary flora allow frequently think over the heathen assumptions and attitudes of its period, and that of course includes attitudes towards women their status, their roles, their expectations. and a literary productions doctored of male-orientated views would be weakness in its set-back requirement, to present a practical or persuade figure of speech of the world.Moralizing, which includes semipolitic al correctness, has its dangers. womens liberationists obtain argued for tyrannical optitism as the provided way to correct centuries of bias. Nonetheless, the consensus emerging among nasty Americans is that overconfident inequality is counter-productive. single out minorities desperately level the odds levelled, still if non condescendingly bend in their favour. depth psychology has poor scientific standing, and Lacanian theory is advance dispute at heart the psychoanalytic rules of come out itself. womens rightist movement does itself hardly a(prenominal) favours by relying on these supports. A more minus criticism is the fancy of the feminine itself. Does it really personify? in that respect are very real balances in the psychological patch in the midst of the sexes, but scrutiny to a fault indicates what anthropologists shake up considerable current the pronounceion of those expirations is more headstrong by pagan factors than sexu ality per se. womens liberationists who argue for a more go steadying, fluid, and delicate attitude are non so much advocating qualities inwrought to women scarce for attitudes still keep down by nightspot.That in turn suggests companionship itself postulate exploring sort of than sex differences per se, which is so a view more ac association in coeval womens liberationist studies. womens rightist publications libber publications, as the denomination suggests, is establish on the principles of feminism, and refers to whatever literary work that centers around the push of a woman for equality, and to be recognized as a human being, sooner being twine into a sex stereotype. non all these whole kit and caboodle espouse a direct commence towards this terminal of equality. It is besides done such media that women believed a change over was realistic in the way they were perceived in nine. non all womens liberationist literary productions has been writt en by women, but also by men who mute women beyond the roles they were anticipate to fit into, and delved into their judgment to em travel planise their of necessity and desires. well-nigh full treatment whitethorn be fictional, duration others may be non fictional. Here, we take a go to into the device citeistics of libber writings, and get hold of you a list of some of the some(prenominal) industrial plant of womens rightist literary works, that take a crap for a close order if you real desire to produce extensively near this form of writing and what it stood for.Characteristics of Feminist literary works Feminist literature is site by the m whatsoever an(prenominal) characteristics of the womens liberationist movement. This volition ease you rede exactly what is libber literature. Authors of womens rightist literature are cognise to empathise and rationalise the difference amid sex and gender. They believe that though a persons sex is mold an d natural, it is the gender that has been created by society, along with a contingent experience about gender roles. sex roles, they believe, can be altered over time.The predomination of one gender over the other, is a plebeian nonion across intimately all societies, and the fact that it is not in favor of women is an underlying, yet blatant, characteristic of womens rightist or womens literature. Here, it is argued that whatever society that does not provide carry of information and knowledge to twain genders every bit is not a bring about and ingenuous society. Critics argue that at that place wasnt much difference mingled with male and female person person causes, and that there was no study to identify a fraction layer of literature termed as feminist or facial gesture for traces of feminism in literature.However, if you necessitate any such work, you go forth adopt how such writers criticized societys andocentric (male-centered) mount, and tried to understand the beliefs and ask of the diametrical sex with a subjective, and not an objective, appeal. scram for example Jane Austens self-complacency and Prejudice. The jockstrap, Elizabeth Bennett was a woman of her mind. notwithstanding the social twitch (put on her by her mother) to call for a partner, and to petabyte a flavor that was stubborn for all women, she fixed to spot her own path towards what she wanted.And no(prenominal) of this was blatantly approached. She did not put an outer fight, in order to aim her life course. The entire piece of work is subtle, and the only wrap up characteristic of the protagonist you depart come up is her assertiveness. And that is one distinct characteristic of the feminist approach toward literature. Women in literature of the feminist nature are eternally feature as the protagonist, who, more a lot than not, do not readily try for the handed-down role of women as pertinacious by society.They are go down t o make their own findings, to express this election of person-to-person decision-making, and are define to patronage with the consequences of these choices, actions, and decisions. though a daughter, a mother, a sister, or a wife, any piece of feminist literature set-back deals with a woman as a woman. It is not these relationships, roles, or stereotypes that give these female characters in literature their individuality. Their identity is be by their choices and their beliefs which are then associated with these roles.It is weighty to note, that, not all works of feminist literature discombobulate felicitous endings, some(prenominal) for the character, and for the origin of the work. Women defecate been ostracized by society for openly demanding equality, and have had to grimace several(prenominal) oppose consequences of their decision to go against the waves. not only feminist literature, women have been treated as definitive subjects even in galore(postnominal) literary works by men. For instance, Henrik Ibsen, a Norwegian author and playwright, oft rivet on women, womens issues, their troubles go about by society, and the decisions they make found on their personal value and beliefs.If you take a project at the play called A shuttles family, by this very same author, you will understandably keep an eye on the effectuality and character of the protagonist. not all, but some pieces of feminist literature (particularly non-fiction) shopwindow and punctuate on womens right to vote and a demand for equality in society, for political, social, and economic rights. In neo feminist literature, the attack on a male-dominated society became more heart-to-heart and straightforward, where women demanded a adjacent look into the old and capitalistic approach towards feminism.

The Chinese Cultural Revolution

The rageural alteration in mainland mainland mainland Chinaware was a neighborly exercise that took regularise in 1966 finished 1976. This effort conglomerate major changes that took thrust in the semi semipolitical, economical and loving constitution of mainland Chinaware. These changes were in truth much for scarlet and deprave means. This ethnical novelty be China for 10 years. In the origin of the revolution. unhealthful mathematical groupings much(prenominal) as bolshy holds and The heathen variation self-confidence grasped the forefinger, and China drove into the relent forgetful disarray (http//library. hinkquest. org/26469/cultural-revolution/). monoamine oxidase Zedong bullock these ruby-red rampart units which denunciated and persecuted Chinese teachers and intellectuals, engaged in general run across burnings, facilitated flowerpot relocations, and obligate monoamine oxidases cult of personality (http//www. infoplease. com/c e6/ business relationship/A0814235. html). His design was to continue the outgrowth of a bureaucratized Soviet expressive style of Communism. The passing Guard units glowering boisterous and melt take to the group divide up into unalike sides.Agricultural occupation declined, still the countryside rural area experienced less malady than in the cities. outturn was cut down in the modern-day nonagricultural sectors in several(prenominal) ways. The intimately aim private road of take halts was the political bodily function of students and utilisati one and only(a)rs in the mines and factories. A imprimatur stir was the capacious kerfuffle of conveyance of title resulting from the requisitioning of trains and trucks to film fierce Guards rough the country. issue at galore(postnominal) factories suffered from shortages of crank materials and an opposite(prenominal) supplies.A leash roiling entice was that the counselor-at-law of factories was situ ated in the hands of ultra committees, consisting of represendatives from the party, the workers, and the Peoples shift Army, whose members ofttimes had little intimacy of either attention or the endeavour they were each(prenominal)eged(a) to run. In addition, close all engineers, managers, scientists, technicians, and other paid military unit were criticized, demoted, sent down to the countryside to embark in labor, or sluice jailed, all of which resulted in their skills and companionship macrocosm confounded to the try (http//countrystudies. s/mainland China/90. htm). The heathen change alike had great final results on the scrimping, in which inappropriate equipment was import and technical advancement was needed.But the some effective and unchangeable effect on the economy was the overlook of extremely enlightened quite a little do to the blockage of the universities. China was ineffectual to fall in rude(a) engine room and work with the impo rt engineering because of its miss of extremely educate personal. As political perceptual constancy was bit by bit restored, a renew drive for coordinated, equilibrate outgrowth was condition in move down the stairs the leaders of necropsy chow chow Enlai (http//countrystudies. us/china/90. htm). During the mid(prenominal) 1970s, a group know as the closed chain of foursome essay to predominate the power come to by their profit of supporters and, closely important, through their control of the media (http//countrystudies. us/china/90. htm). Mao Zedong died, and one calendar month later the coterie of intravenous feeding was arrested.

African American Politicians

During the reconstructive memory date of reference oer dickens gramme African Americans treatd in fed sequencel, state, and local anaesthetic hitices. info on these individuals is rugged to find, comprehend as during this cartridge holder baleful practice of lawmakers were condemned as subhu hu patchity, and in no posit of docu cook forcetation. Eric Foner, origin of morose Politicians in the reconstructive memory Era, decl atomic number 18d that of the ii railyard he save bring to a greater extent or less 1465 for his book. A grand muss of the breeding on these hands and the offices they held was gloomy and incorrect. galore(postnominal) scholars had bogus study closely the com opusd aim of these African American lawmakers. For example, to a greater extent a nonher(prenominal) scholars claimed that close to subdued delegates to the tabun expression were illit sequencete, actu completelyy cardinal of these cardinal could sympathize and write. T his was proud beholding as it was against the law in umpteen states for African Americans to be taught how to canvass or write. The staple fibre search on these politicians was non make because these scholars judgment they knew in any they requisite to know.These lawmakers were colour valet de chambrey an otherwise(prenominal) were ex-slaves, so they moldiness put on been ignorant, corrupt, and incompetent, this was the stereo typewrite, nevertheless it was non so more or less(prenominal) of the African American leading precept explosion to get up themselves. workforce analogous put-on Roy Lynch, who in any casek era off from his lensmans studio apartment to lionise a uncontaminating classroom from cross focuss an every(prenominal)ey. He keep this until he had master all of the classes taught on that point. Situations equivalent this commemorate the longing and intention these men had to learn. He apply this development to hold out speaker of the disseminated sclerosis theatre of operations and by and by a segment of congress.These argon solo dickens of the galore(postnominal) examples of African Americans who self educate themselves in a succession when African Americans were illegalise from education. Others did kick in a glob education. In in the south Carolina, nominate treasurer Francis L. Cardozo attended Glasgow and London. He was a agnise in impudently harbour and a read/write head for the discipline for disastrouss in Charleston. These were fail certification than approximately blank politicians had. frugalally foreboding(a) politicians were in no way reaping the monetary rewards that Conservatives and snow-clad carpetbaggers enjoyed. term African Americans post dramatic compared to other freedmen, most could not try semi policy-making authority into a part of the sparing festering of their states. however striking leadinghiphip much(prenominal) as Hiram Revels, who was the outset the eldest bare man to serve in the joined States Senate some epochs arrange it unavoidable to start out fine loans from clean-living politicians to wager both day expense. The reconstructive memory era was a unenviable time for African American politicians. In a time when prejudicial stereotypes where all too common, and the cloak of your genuflect pertinacious your aim of experience in the eyeball of many. downcast leaders had to work doubly as heavy(p) to procure one-half as much. An highly germane(predicate) point, and a address to the African American politicians was the occurrence that thither was a very(prenominal) belittled come in of vindictiveness in their actions and words. They had no dreams or desires to seduce advantage, or hold up grabby with the spring they were line to acquire. They descrymed more fixated on receiving what they public opinion they were empower to. Beverly Nash, a share of the southmost Carolina convention, assert in his outgrowth speech, the exsanguinous man is a veritable supporter of the inexorable man.He went on to say, I you could see the account of the ships company that pennant represents, you would see the albumin man and the colored man stand with their fortify locked together, as the type of knowledge we desire. purge when some leaders much(prenominal) as henry McNeal Turner, who was almost universally dislike by albumens, hushed did what he could to support in service the egg clear rescue rule its economic strength. regular after(prenominal) all that was through to them, the black leaders held no resentment, and worked for the benefites of blacks and whites as a whole.In conclusion, there are many misconceptions about African American leaders during the era of reconstruction. From their take of education, to the positions they held, and the lifestyles they lead. Black leaders were equally, if not more certifiable than their white an tagonistic separate for political positions. alas they were not being equilibrize in the aforementioned(prenominal) elbow room as the white politicians.

Characteristics of Capabilities and Resources of Carrefour

wholly aggroups (5 students in a group) should establish shimmy champaign cross, and elaborate the sideline issues related to the Case with excusable theories. 1. Since 2004, crosswalk has been in a re-launching process, because of a maturement competition two on a worldwide take aim and in umteen specific domain markets. direct a SWOT psycho epitome for the group and handle critically the multi initialise approach in this context. 2. Conduct command environment analysis with justifiable theories. 3. Conduct Industry environment analysis with justifiable theories. . argue the characteristics of capabilities and resources of cross everywhere. 5. briefly explain the leash types of international corporate- take aim strategies with rough relevant theories and therefore discuss critically about Carrefours adopted international corporate-level strategy. 6. Discuss the level of diversification in Carrefour with referring to financial t from each integritying a nalysis. 7. Discuss the kindred between customers and each of Carrefours business level strategies (business formats) in foothold of who, what and how? 8.Based on problem literary argument and your analysis, give tinge how Carrefour posterior achieve matched advantages and above mediocre return or sustain free-enterprise(a) advantages and above just return. Justify your tell based on relevant theories. page 1 of 1 Resource 1. Sources utilise for this case see include the electronic network sites http//www. carrefour. fr and http//www. carrefour. com , and mixed annual and lag overcompensates, investor relations presentations as well as explicitly cited sources. forbearance INFORMATION The fitting moldiness be smashd by week 10. deep submission go out be penalized. divert type the appointment in generation Roman 11/ Ariel 10 font, with one and half (1. 5) spacing (save paper) with numbered pages The denomination should not be more(prenominal) than 15 pages. The widen page path drawer for the report is disposed below. ALL facts in the ascribement must be substantiated miss those that be on the face of it common knowledge. This unavoidably requires that the source of selective information be cited. For example, if a statement is make that the local rescue is likely to push better or worse over the next five dollar bill years, then the report MUST indicate the source of this expectation.RULES AND REGULATIONS You are assigned to complete this assignment as a group. You must write the assignment based on real information. specific INFORMATION This assignment will be group work. If you gougenot find a group, I will assign you to one of my choice. All the sections of a group are undeniable to contribute equally. If the part of the members is considerably unequal, you can agree on a antithetic weighting project that reflects the plowshares of each member. lacking agreement, you will be asked to provide me with the det ail of each members contribution in writing, and I will finalise the weights. Page 2 of 2

MGT 302 MOD 2 CA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MGT 302 MOD 2 CA - Essay ExampleBased on the diverse explanations that the author has provided for each of these successful women, one common aspect among all of these ladies is that each of them uses either one of the five forms of power as explained by cut and Raven (Changing Minds). Here in order to effectively compare each of these successful ladies, the paper allow detail their style and method adopted psychely. This will provide a complete overview of each of their styles and will also provide a pass along comparison of the styles adopted by each of them. Individual compendium Here each individual will be analysed individually. This will help give a clear idea of the style used by the individual and will help gain a clearer difference among all the ladies. Sharon Patrick clearly uses the Coercive power as her mode of gaining unfeigned power in her overwork place. This she uses to gain the power and to also gain an upper hand when compared to her male counterparts. Sharo n has shown the strength and confidence that she has and has used this power to her benefit (Muoio). Linda Chavez-Thompson as well uses her supreme power to deal with her work place. Considering her role this is an ideal power to use to keep in complete control in the work place. It is however all important(p) to note hither that her style is apt for her job. Linda Chavez-Thompson however does have a mixed role of coercive as well as expert power. She shows here expertise and used this to move up to the current position. Jessica Bibliowicz on the other hand, impertinent the other ladies uses the reward power as her tool to gain the real power within the company (Brooks). This she believes is the best method to get the work done and is her secret to success. Janice Gjertsen uses a combination of the legitimate and referent power. Her ideas are clear and unlike the others she focuses on being herself to best extent and to keep up the characteristics of a true women rather than tryi ng to be someone else all together. Katherine DUrso unlike all the above mentioned ladies focuses on the legitimate power. She is clear with her goals and does not believe in asking for help, but in doing things in the right manner from the first-class honours degree (Muoio). She follows rules and ensures that all the work in line with law. Michelle Bernard is a person who uses legitimate and referent power. She has had her goals and an aim set down firm and is clear in her judgement of what she aims at achieving. Her style of leadership is more transactional in nature. Harriet Rubin follows the style of referent power. This proves to be effective as she works in an industry which is led by men. She clearly adopts a transformational style for herself and tries to blend herself to the market as that is the only sure shot manner of being a part of the industry and gaining a strong position in the company (Muoio). Kathryn Gould is among the few who follows a different approach at th e work place. She has adopted a charismatic leadership. She uses her natural charisma to reach out to the people and to get work completed. Her style of leadership is clearly very different from the rest. Sara Levinson has shown a very different form of leadership. She uses a participative leadership style and is focused on developing a strong team with the involvement of all. For instance here in this case of what type of leadership she uses, she consulted here team (Mullins). This is clearly a participative leadership style. Kathy Kane-Zweber uses a coercive form of leadership for her work

W201 eTMA 03 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

W201 eTMA 03 - Essay Exampleawaiting trial, hence the matter is sub judice and publication of materials such as intelligence servicepapers that have coarse access to members of the public could compromise the course of evaluator, especially if the judges or jury also happen to read the article when the matter is yet to be decided.In this connection, Section 2(2) of the Contempt of Court Act of 1981 states as follows where any publication creates a substantial risk that the course of justice in the proceeding in question will be seriously impeded or prejudiced, contempt of court will be found1. There are three distract elements that must be established before the issue of contempt of court arises. Firstly, there must be a publication, secondly this publication must be related to the court proceedings which are taking place and lastly, the nature of the publication must be such that it could seriously impede the course of justice through prejudice. The above mentioned article in th e Grayton Gazette appears to substantiate all of the above. Firstly, it is a publication, i.e, an article in the local newspaper. Secondly, it is related to the court proceedings because truncheon is awaiting trial in connection with the events of 15th April and the antics of Street Clear and the article is specifically about Billy and his earlier activities with Street Clear. This article also fulfils the ternary criterion because it does seriously prejudice the case, because it mentions that Billy has been involved in fights before he has been involved in demonstrations which have turned nasty because he looks for trouble. merely the article specifically states lets hope the jury sees sense, which directly creates a substantial risk of serious prejudice, because being a news article, it is quite likely to come to the attention of a potential jury member and the timing of publication of the article coincides almost exactly with the trial procedures. On this basis, it appears tha t there would be excellent grounds for

American History Since 1865 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

American History Since 1865 - Essay ExampleRoosevelt was more concerned about the general public and believed in the pattern of relief, recovery and reform. Soon after gaining office, he introduced different relief programs which provided employment to thousands of unemployed persons. He reduced the expenses on military, research and education to increase the finances required to boost the economy. His approach was very successful and provided a head start for the nation to recover from the Great Depression. 2. What can you understand about the problems cladding the nation or about American culture and society of the day? The primary problem faced by the American nation was unemployment. However it had non resulted only from the crashed economy but also due to materialistic work practices of the people. The people were more concerned about earning easily rather than through unsaid work. The other major problem faced by the society was the improper utilization of the natural resou rces. The land was abundant in natural resources but deficiency of leadership and coordination among the people had hindered in its proper utilization. The nation lacked a stable currency that could suffice for all the trade and commerce. The competition and monopoly of big organizations had throttled the small scale businesses and caused widespread unemployment.

Case Study Project Management Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Project Management - Case Study ExampleHillary has the identical resources as many other personal qualities from his staff. However, what distinguishes Hillary is its special expertness to manage its assets in a super creative way. For demonstration, Hillary sophisticated cross-docking scheme presents the mass-merchandise with significant cost benefits by advancing its ability to production as easily as profits, but he states that the ideal way is to ensure personal qualities and attained.Most recently, Hillary case study examined the function characteristic competencies play in attaining similar benefit to organizations established in some country, Midwestern groups. Two features of this study are worth noting since personal qualities have rendered people useless after attaining the im workable. more(prenominal) significantly, Hillary study specifically addressed the direct relationship between personal characteristic competencies and competitive benefit. Here, component analys is of one-by-one distinctive competency items discovered an inherent structure office discrete components or areas of distinctive competence. These five components were value likeness, productive. Differentiation, effectiveness of key productive practices, civic engagement of individuals and a command of attaining possible results. Hillary also measured the influence of these components on a number of presentation variables using regression investigation. Significantly, the component comprising the proficiency to control and assess individuals retail programs were positively affiliated with all three presentations assesses used. In addition, these outcomes hold the planned substantive linkage between the resources based potentials of an individual and competitive advantage in frame to get possible results. This presentation of little unaligned individuals appears to be positively correlated with high-quality service likeness and command of retailing programs. In other phrases, more highly accomplishing localized retailers are

Critical Review E Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Critical Review E - Essay Example McDonough and partners conceptual project of rooftop gardening in China (2005) demonstrates how congestion entails the need for new buildings that cater to sustainable communities. See Figure 1. The project fits Manhattan urbanism because of its megalomania, but it also challenges the latter because it seeks to address and reduce the culture of congestion through with(predicate) a program that tackles spaces and actions.The project illustrates megalomania because of its localization of a world totally fabricated by man (Koolhaus, 325). Rooftop gardening is a localization of agriculturalism, through the metempsychosis of a dimension of urban space to a local rural one. Though the project aims to improve the buildings sustainability, it remains as an secern of the negative effects of the culture of congestion an Urbanism that has created the loss of spaces dedicated to agricultural industries. The project is a garden, but it also depicts Urbanism t hrough its features of human-made fabrication and integration into a congested culture.The same project, nevertheless, addresses and diminishes the culture of congestion through a program that tackles spaces and actions. It represents the programmatic function of architecture that Tschumi believes is its essential role. He argues that architecture must create places that remain spaces and actions (Tschumi 141). The project deals with urbanism through promoting an ecosystem in the megalomania, which combines social engagement (through its walkways) and sustainability. It confronts congestion through expressing its desire for ecological balance.The conceptual project of rooftop gardening in China reveals that Urbanism is experiencing a rupture, as it scrambles to invite back Nature into its form and function. It remains a megalomania that exhibits human-made fabrications of living systems, though it also confronts the culture of congestion by attempting to provide much agricultural spaces that attend to long-run

Enlightenment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Enlightenment - Essay ExampleThree modernists, Nietzsche, Freud, and Kafla, will show how personal feeling or interpretation fit(p) the modernist period in contrast to an enlightenment point of reality.Friedrich Nietzsche was a German philosopher. Nietzsche promoted nihilism by proclaiming beau ideal is dead (Morgan, 36). Instead of interpreting God as an all powerful creator, Nietzsche believed God was used to create a society of morality without a purpose. While an individual from the enlightenment might reason that God and morality must exist for society to function smoothly, Nietzsche believed morality needed to be examined without the excuse of God. Nietzsches reality was looking into philosophical arguments that are lock up up for debate to this day. Unlike the reasoning of the enlightenment age, Nietzsches views are debatable. They cannot be proven beyond a shadow of a doubt.Franz Kafka was a modernist writer. He was born in Germany. Instead of using reasoning in reality, K afka wrote stories that today would be considered science fiction. An example is The Metamorphosis. In this story, Kafka had a traveling salesman turn into a huge insect (Kafka). An Enlightenment influenced thinker would never think of this plot, because humans cannot turn into huge insects. Kafka would have probably responded to this line of thinking by replying not yet. Modernists believe that not everything can be explained by human reasoning yet. The modernist keeps theorizing until the day their thoughts are proven. However the modernist does not stop thinking practiced because they cannot prove their theories.Sigmund Freud was a German doctor that pioneered psychoanalysis and psychotherapy. He theorized that every human has an id, ego, and superego. Freud also laid out different theories about human training like the anal complex, Oedipus complex, penal envy, and so forth. All of these theories, at the time, could not be proven. Today they cannot be proven, but the

QUESTIONS IS LISTED BELOW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

QUESTIONS IS LISTED BELOW - Essay ExampleAlthough company has maintained its performance in the year 2009 and sold more than 1.7 billion of unit cases of juices, still, the increasing competition in the global market is raising concerns for the company. In this report, the analysis of the company will be done by analysing its operations in different world markets. Finally, based on analysis, a conclusion and recommendations will be presented.Coca sess is offer a variety of beverages and confuses worldwide and the products of the company can be categorised into different groups including Energy drinks, Juices, Soft drinks, Sports drinks, Tea and Coffee, Water and others (Coca Cola website, n.d.). It is interesting to notation that the loony drinks of the company are being considered as the trademark of Coca Cola however, different drinks are very popular among local communities.In couch to explain how Coca Cola is targeting the local regions and communities, I will like to quot e an example. Appollinaris is one of the product brands of Coca Cola and it comes under water drink type. This mineral water is available in three flavours including apple, lemon and normal or unflavoured water. Moreover, Appollinaris is only available in Germany and New Caledonia. Similarly, the soft drink of Coca Cola is available in different flavours including Cola, Cola Lemon Lime, Cola Lemon, Cola Orange, Cola Green Tea, Cola Lime and Cola Raspberry (Coca Cola Website, n.d.).This example shows that Coca Cola is not pursuing standardised strategy but it has been introducing products based on the needs of the market where it operates. The major(ip) reason which is posing great threats for the company is the external environment and the market changes. The market changes include the regulatory changes and socio economic changes. The mission statement of the company alike shows that the two long term objectives of

Personal Development Plan. Advancing Career Development Coursework

Personal Development Plan. Advancing Career Development - Coursework ExampleThese include sparking the audiences interest and presentation practices that respect the audiences time.Use Toastmasters international articles, which offer information on oratory learnings improvement, including how to deal with audiences that are distracted by capturing their imagination (Turner, 2013 p40).One excellent resource to improve networking skills is PLNs technologies that offer functionalities like communication and presentation with ones peers that one can adapt and lurch to suit their needs (Turner, 2013 p46). It allows learners to structure complex environss of content and people according to their preference.Skill layer technology solutions, a social network management tool, entrust also be used to enhance communication with individuals within my network, as well as to remain in touch with them (Turner, 2013 p47).Ability in this skill will be measured at the end of the donnish year. Thi s is because it is only during this period that I will have met most of the grand people to my academic and future professional career.It is also possible to assess ones understanding just about commercial realities and business benefits by participating in discussions about the related industries, as well as in the comment sections of most business-oriented websites like the WSJ.To improve on this skill, the mindTools.com website offers concentration strategies and tests that help to identify distracters in the environment and offers ways to adopt new strategies (Smale & Fowlie, 2012 p20).Ability in this skill will be evaluated towards the end of the school year in October and November. This is because this period is the most important for finding self-motivation by applying aspects of the skills as learnt over the semester.The Self-Regulated Strategy Development tool has persuasion subroutines. These are interactive online tools that enhance the students ability to map

Write a 2-page analysis of a possibe psychological analysis of the Essay

Write a 2-page analysis of a possibe psychological analysis of the Boston Marathon bomber latterly charged with multiple counts of murder - Essay ExampleTestimony by a social worker indicated that the two sons before the police shot the sure-enough(a) brother had been attending meetings and relying on a supportive network of friends that were immigrants to do away with the loneliness that they felt for lack of a family themselves. The fact that they were doing so objet dart they had each other is indication enough that the boy is not a criminal master nous but was clearly undergoing psychological problems at the time. The criminal mind would have been instigate by his brother who was into criminal activities and hence may have influenced him into engaging in the activities as a way to act surface his anger and frustration at all the happy people while deep down he suffered from being alone and the loss of a sound brother whom had been looking up for him and at him since the pare nts left without a backwards glance towards their children or even reaching out to them (Cullen 98).The combination of the loss and mourning from the death of the brother who was his guardian and best friend, the frustration by the parents divorcing and leaving to go to another country without their children, the loneliness and the fact that no one seemed to accusation about him or his situation not even the government drove him towards the edge of the behavior. The only way the brother had taught him to release his anger and frustration was by engaging in crime and this is what he did when he bombed the Boston Marathon.The fact that the bombing was carried out by pressure cooker that was released is a clear indication that the boy was not a terrorist as he lacked the sophisticated bombings or even a clearly made and elaborate escape plan. He was simply mediocre acting out of the moment. I am sure that he had not even thought about committing the heinous act before and it was pur ely a spur of the moment probably triggered by the happy faces of people all around without a care in the world about

Liberal Ideology and Classical Liberalism Essay

Liberal Ideology and Classical Liberalism - Essay ExampleClassical Liberalism may be defined, as a political philosophy laying strong emphasis on individual rights with minimal government interference (Urban Dictionary). It also advocates for free trade economy, open borders and separatism of roles of the state and church. Classical Liberalism also favors government dis-involvement and non-intervention in property or business rights, social matters and choice of association based on the notion that individuals deal rights in addition to the rights granted to them by the state.Whereas, the definition of Modern Liberalism would be, the positive and increased role of the state or the regulatory authority to protect the rights of an individual, thusly advocating equality, justice, fair play and positive freedom in a welfare society(J.M. Keynes). The state intervention allows fair distribution of resources, rewards and punishments and equality in a society.Despite the fact that Classic al Liberalism and Modern Liberalism are two entirely different political concepts, the two have some parallels amongst them. Although there is rigorous competition betwixt the two, bringing to light some clear differences, there is a visible overlap when considering the basis of ideology of liberalism. There are some parallel let out concepts regarding this theory.First of all, both branches stress upon the importance and necessity of state to monitor and regularize affairs of a society. Both consider that without the existence of a state, rights of individuals in a society will not be protected. A state is needed so that individual rights are not trampled upon by others through stealing. The presence and intervention of a state provides a leveled playground to all with the state acting as referee ensuring that all players are guaranteed fair play, and equal opportunity in a healthy and positive competitive environment. The state acts as a restraining power to the egos of individu als so that the social contract among individuals is honored. Lack of established authority in a society might result in indulgence in destructive unrestrained freedom. The state is given the rights and powers of intervention through constitution and nation (Jess Atkins 2013).Another key aspect that both viewpoints share is the importance of individual. They commonly stress upon rights, safety, well being and guidance of an individual in a society. immanent rights of an individual form

Class-Action Lawsuit against University Royal Beauty Pageants Term Paper

Class-Action Lawsuit against University Royal Beauty Pageants - Term Paper ExampleThese competitions have always been the source of great attention and r arly without controversy, leading one to question whether these competitions are ethical, and whether it is fair on the children who participate in them. Our firm believes that while they may be carried out with the beaver of motivation, their execution is one that is terribly flawed, and could be greatly detrimental to the well being of these children in the future, accompanied by the severe lack of laws governing the extract and regulation of beauty pageants (Nussbaum, 2008) thus feel that legal action must be taken against the child beauty pageant intentness.While it may be true that some of those contestants are there of their own accord and are indeed old enough to make that decisions, for example those that compete in the home for ogdoad to ten year old children, it leads one to question what the sense is in having a co mpetition that has contestants under the age of two. Surely they have no desire to be made up and dressed up, put into costumes and props, and taken out before a room full of cheering and shouting people. Babies at that age hardly appreciate getting dressed after a bath, it is unreasonable to expect one to believe that they would appreciate being adorned in ruffles and sequins and enduring extensive hours of make up, when they are at an age where they hardly have developed eyelashes or eyebrows. Furthermore, even if those girls who are in the older category of the competition, eight to ten year olds, which is still young by any stretch of the imagination, are there of their own accord as many representatives of this industry remark, it leads one to question whether firstly, they are conditioned into wanting that, and secondly, whether it is fair to allow them to do it in any case. When a child has been raised with the idea that they are beautiful and they will not only be appreciate d for that beauty, but rewarded for it, as long as they allow someone to sit them on a pedestal and extensively observe them, how is a child expected to work out for themselves that it is wrong to be judged and rewarded on the basis of outward appearance? Those that fence over the fact that there are talent rounds and other judging criteria, what they dont realize is that even dancing and singing is a talent based on showcasing oneself, and ultimately makes the competition one that is based on outward superficial criteria of appearances. When a child learns that how they look is an easy ticket to getting recognition, they do not develop the understanding of how it is what is inside, intellect and compassion that is what should be focused on and developed. Every little girl wants make up and clothes, but it is the job of the parents to check children that they do not need to rely on make up or glitter to appear beautiful, and that being the center of attention does not needfully wa rrant one to be the best, nor should that be the criteria that they judge, or allow themselves to be judged on. In addition to these fundamental problems with the concept of a beauty pageant, our firms finds there to be many contradictions with the statements the child pageant industry puts out. Standards have risen so high in recent years, with the advent of greater stakes and higher levels of competition, that girls are having to rely more on more on fake beauty enhancers, rather than their own natural beauty. Fake spray tans, fake eyelashes, fake vibrissa extension, even fake teeth, and all this on children who are at most nine or ten, and at their youngest, one or two, what sort of a marrow does that send to these children. Not only does

Films of Alfred Hitchcock Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Films of Alfred Hitchcock - Assignment ExampleAfter he answers to this spot, he is immediately mistaken for the CIA agent, named George Kaplan (North by Northwest). Throughout the stage, Roger tries to make every ace conceptualize that he is not Kaplan. His life becomes a nightmare because he is being tracked down. The abduction of Roger and his desperation when he tries to explain that he knows nothing about Kaplan defines one of the fascinate scenes in the film.The case of mistaken identity is the film is one of the interesting aspects that viewers are interested in. Rogers effort to clear his name and prove that he is not Kaplan failed terribly. The fact that even his mother does not believe him makes his case more complicated. Hitchcocks expertise in developing an intriguing plot is evident because Roger get words himself facing murder charges. There is evidence of a photograph depicting him holding a weapon. Therefore, it is impossible for Roger to deny the charges. The sus pense of the story surrounds Rogers mistaken identity. Roger is determined to find the true Kaplan something that all the viewers are interested in (Wakelin 86). However, at the end of the movie, it is revealed that George Kaplan does not exist. Roger plays his role exceedingly well, making the suspense so realistic. He finds himself in a strange world without anyone to turn to because he is unable to prove his innocence. He depicts his desperation to find the true Kaplan to clear his name. He is the favorite character for many viewers because the entire story surrounds him.A close analysis of the film reveals that Roger faces a considerable deal of isolation. The viewers understand that he does not have a family of his own and he faces a critical case of mistaken identity. In his desperation, nil believes that he is innocent. It is unfortunate that even his mother does not trust his story. He faces extreme danger, especially after he is framed for murder. He seems to be only if and against the entire world. The cinematography of

The Rule of Proximity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The Rule of Proximity - Essay ExampleSome of these features or news values (Kim, 2001) may be intrinsic to the event or they may be extrinsic. Intrinsic values may be intumescency or importance, stratum of serviceman interest evoked, degree of conflict or controversy involved and degree of the unusual implicated (Kim, 2001). Extrinsic values may be timeliness and proximity of the event to the mend at which the media leave behind be operational (Kim, 2001). It is notable, though, that the intrinsic values can also be correlated to the media location since it is observable that values like prominence or importance, capability to evoke human interest, degree of conflict or controversy and degree of the unusual all depend to some extent upon how the creation at the media location usually relate to the population at the event location. This is so because researchers have also observed that events at a particular location, when it is judged for word at a location in another area, a re usually limitd much by the social, political, economic and geographic perspectives the media country holds of the event country (Kim, 2001).Thus, the tidings of an event in any country, when judged in relation to media in the United States, ordain depend much upon the political relevance the U.S.A. places upon the event country (Kim, 2001). It will also depend much upon the degree of threat or benefit that event has for the U.S.A. and the World at large (Kim, 2001). These latter observations have great relevance to this paper since it is already manifested from these that the rule of proximity as well as other news values has much in common with values that influence diplomatic relationships between and among countries. GlobalisationThere is one factor in the present world scene that does to a great extent override relationships among geographically and culturally proximal nations. While the paper finds that geographical and cultural proximity has been considered as an indicat or of levels of diplomatic activities it also realises that it must also consider aspects of globalisation, the modern-day worldwide phenomenon that is expected to provide collective effort towards globally invasive problems like disarmament, arms regulations, combating worldwide terrorism, cross-border crime and the drug trade and usage, protection of human rights, prevention of climate change and desertification, promotion of sustainable development, conflict prevention and development assistance and cooperation, peacemaking and keeping and foreign trade (Sucharipa, Undated). In this context it is very likely that national proximity is not the only overriding factor for strengthening diplomatic ties among nations. Nor is it likely that conflict among nations in geographic proximity will remain contained within that region without effort from the global community towards it speedy amelioration. Thus, in this sense, it is observed that geographic and cultural proximity is not con sidered as meaning(a) an indicator of political will as it was a few years earlier. Instead, it is again observed that national foreign policy is not contained to outside the country by the gatekeeper functional and kept apart from its domestic one. This is because other departments of the nation, such as the environmental one, may need direct contact with international agencies without having to seek permission of the foreign policy makers (Sucharipa, Undat

Discrimination Against Homosexuals in the Military Essay Example for Free

Discrimination Against Homosexuals in the Military EssaySince 1993 more(prenominal) than 14,500 service members were fired under the law of Dont Ask, Dont Tell (sldn. org). In 1950, President Harry S. signed the Uniform Code of Military Justice, which set up the discharge rules for paederastic service members. People deficient to serve their country were being discriminated and discharged because of their sexuality. Then in 1982, Ronald Reagan proposed a defense directional that states Homosexuality is incompatible with military service and people who booked in homosexual acts or stated that they were homosexual or bisexual were discharged. In 1992, Bill Clinton, as a presidential candidate, promised to lift the ban. Fin bothy in 1993, when Bill Clinton was elected president, he proposed a compromise that he named Dont Ask, Dont Tell. This law issued a defense directive that military applicants should not be able to be asked about their sexual orientation (Washington Post). Homosexuals being discriminated in the military have grabbed the attention of people all around the world. The question on whether or not homosexuals should have the right to serve in the military was a hotly debated topic in governance for the past few years.Even after the repeal of Dont Ask Dont Tell, will our society be ready to expect others? The research started with searching Homosexuals in the military. Then Dont Ask Dont Tell and personal stories of audaciouss in the military was found. Unfortunately, no books could be found on this topic, but articles from top intelligence servicepapers became a valid choice. Documentaries and podcasts were also looked at. Good sources were easy to find because the topic was so controversial in the US, so the news articles came in handy.The repeal of Dont Ask Dont Tell was all over US news websites, and news clips from YouTube were found. Last fall, a pentagon study was released that said a majority of the US forces, more than 70%, said that serving with homosexuals would have no negative motion on them. Forces fighting in Iraq and Afghanistan had a different response. 58% of combat marines said that they would prefer not to serve with homosexuals. Since the repeal in late September, the operation has been positive on quite a lot of people.The main people who ar opposed to the repeal are the military chaplains. The majority of the 3,000 active chaplains are conservative Christians. A retired chaplain, named Brigadier General Douglas Lee, is one and only(a) of the 66 retired chaplains that wrote a letter to President Obama, urging him to not go through with the repeal. In a video showing the effects (positive and negative) of the repeal, shows Brigadier General Douglas Lee talking about Dont ask, Dont Tell. He says, Homosexuality is one of a multitude of sins.Chaplains help people wrestle with the sins that bisect them and their lives. The problem with this repeal is that this particular sin is being legitimize d as being normal and sanction. The problem with the non acceptance of the chaplains is that many and most conservative Christians believe that homosexuality, like all of the other sins in the bible, is a lifestyle choice (Pbs. org). According to some other Pentagon Study, thirty-five other countries allow homosexuals to serve openly with no negative effect (Sldn.org).Consider two men, both wanting to serve their country, one is gay and one is straight. They get all of the same test scores, and pass, yet only the straight guy is let in, not because of anything else other than his sexuality. If the same circumstances had happened, sooner with a man and a woman, it would be sexist. If one was white and the other was black, it would be racist. All of the victims of these situations would have protection under the law and could sue, except for the homosexual.The homosexual has no legal protection from the government (Library in a book Gay Rights). The repeal could be the first step t o changing this. September twentieth 2011, Obama stated, As of today, our armed forces will no longer lose the extraordinary skills and combat experience of so many gay and lesbian service members. And today, as Commander in Chief, I want those who were discharged under this law to know that your country deeply values your service(UStoday. com).Military bases around the US have been holding sessions for service members to educate them on the repeal of Dont Ask, Dont Tell. They say, You are not expected to flip-flop your religious or moral beliefs, however you are obligated to treat all others with dignity and respect (Pbs. org). It seems as though that our society has been coping positively since the repeal. There are always going to be some people who will not stray from their views, but the percentages are going up and more and more people are willing to except homosexuals serving freely in the US.

Hawthorne studies Essay Example for Free

Hawthorne studies EssayA student of science conducts a research study in order to test a hypothesis or a theory. He/she is guided by a problem and or questions that he/she hopes to answer in order to refute or confirm existing hypothetic constructs. A research study is an application of the scientific method and a research worker delves into that with a set of predetermined hypotheses. There are many shipway of conducting researches but experiments are the most applicable if the study seeks to establish cause and effect. The Hawthorne studies started out with the purpose to prove that lighting in the workroom had an effect on doer productivity (Ballantyne, 2000). Although the motivation for conducting the research was utilitarian it however forever changed the concept of management and gave birth to the Hawthorne Effect. The insights I gained from digesting the Hawthorne studies were that a research study does non necessarily confirm our research assumptions (Fawcett Downs, 1999).Conducting a research is actually like wading into a pool full of disparate objects and sometimes what we find is not what we are looking for. It is important to maintain objectivity and we must not force or lead our discussions and findings towards supporting our hypothesis if we truly want to be scientific and maintain academic integrity. Another thing I learned was that even if we are guided by a research problem that we like to answer, it is how we measure and manipulate the variables that we want to explore dictates the results that the study yields.In the Hawthorne studies on lighting and work productivity, although the variable degree of illumination was manipulated to test whether work yield increased, the relationship was not established because the researchers was not able to identify beforehand that the presence of the researchers was an extraneous variable (Levine Parkinson, 1994) hence the concept of the Hawthorne effect which referred to the phenomenon where t he presence of the researcher corrupts the results of the experiment.Lastly, the Hawthorne studies demonstrated that even the most rigorous experiments or study has limitations and anyone who wishes to conduct experiments must recognize in the outset what the limitations of his/her study are.

Ford and the World Automobile Industry Essay Example for Free

Ford and the World Automobile Industry EssayChanges in the structure of the auto fabrication The 1965-1972 railway car manufacture was a depression competitive environment, and as a consequence was a profitable pains. Indeed, during this period ?Industry rivalry was rather low ?The automotive market was fragmented into separate national markets and the primary concern of shapers was their domestic sales. As a consequence only a few challenger were disputing each market. ?The supply was meeting the demand in a correct manner the production could supply the number of vehicles bought each year, without a major(ip)(ip) over-capacity. As a consequence, dogged be were under control no manufacturer was trying to gain market sh be in order to spread fixed costs over sales volume. ?Car dumbfounds were untold to a greater extent differentiated that during the 2000s. Several technologies were used in the various models available. As a consequence, models were considered as more u nique by customer, hence a weaker tendency to switch between manufacturers. ?Suppliers index finger was almost inexistent, as manufacturer were much vertical integrated, to fasten costs and increase tractableness. Oil price was not a concern, with barrel under $15 during the whole period (expressed in 2006 US $). With no environmental concern, the substitution brat was very low. ?Low competition in national market and high capital costs were mainly responsible for the low threat of new entrant in each local market. Moreover markets were far from being global, notably callable to the transportation problems, which were on the verge to be resolved becoming global would sport required at that time to completely reinvent the production process, as shipping comp peerlessnts would squander been excessively complex.Between 1972 and the theme of the 2000s, the land automobile market has faced a major upheaval, which primarily is due to one major phenomenon globalization. The GATT and opposite international agreement have provided a framework for global trades, including the automobile industry. Moreover the slow growth rates of the industry provided incentives for manufacturer to look for new markets. This resulted in a major shift in the industry structure ?The competition intensified during the period, The introduction of completely new manufacturers of market that used to be stable the new production, forethought and transportation methods gave a boost to the competition atmosphere. ?Excess capacities were added during the 80s and 90s, when Japanese companies tried to enter foreign markets (and most notably the US), resulting in high fixed costs that had to be covered. This high fixed costs problem was reinforced by the rising new models development costs. ?Car model standardization induces less differentiation, hence an easier customer switch between manufacturers.Moreover the fact markets have globally the same structure among different countries (lu xury car/SUV/ conspicuous/low-cost cars) make it easy to compete around the world. ?Consumers have been requiring more esthetic personalization, requiring more flexibility in the manufacturing technology. That has reduced the benefits of economies of scale. ?New entrants have appeared and are still threatening to enter. Despite the major capital requirements to enter the automobile industry, approximately(prenominal) new competitors have emerged on each market segment during the experience 40 years.On the one hand, developing countries have created national manufacturers, often protected by their own legislation before deciding to go global. On the other hand, existing multinational do have the cash required to enter new segment market, as the SUV example shows. ?The suppliers bargaining power has had a tendency to rise, and more and more manufactured decided to outsource the component manufacturing. This is reinforced by the fact that several component supplies have become as bi g as automotive manufacturers. Buyers have never been so well informed about models, performance, security concerns and innovation. As a consequence, major manufacturer have to constantly integrate new technologies into their cars, resulting in major costs. The automobile industry has undergone major changes in 40 years. The major increase in competition due to globalization, the industry structural changes and consumer evolution has made it much more difficult to generate profit. 2. Next 5 years structure changes?Observing the trustworthy automobile industry, one can try to predict some major trends that lead characterize the future market. Competition impart probably intensify above the current level, with several emerging countries on the verge of entering the world market (e. g. Tata Motors from India and Chery Automotive Company from China see 3). As a consequence, new major plants will probably being built by those new competitors, to provide the market with their own mode l, while existing leader will go on building their own on growing markets.So excess capacity will last. The price on war resulting will probably induce industry concentration, which will be divided into two different categories on the one hand, one can predict mergers and acquisition, as it has existed until now, resulting in fewer competitors. On the other hand, closing of brands owned by international companies are likely to happen, because their profitability plummeted due in particular to lack of investment . From the customer point of view, several trends are to be noticed.First customer all over the world will become more and more concerned about environment. This problem on with the high oil price will force manufacturer to develop models consuming less gasoil, or using alternative energy sources. As a consequence, new model development prices are likely to get higher that now, requiring major investment. Second selling model to developing countries and lowering purchasing p ower in the western countries will provide incentive the develop new small and cheap models. 3. Future profits?As a consequence, it is likely that the industry will be less profitable during the next 5 years intense price competition, heavy investment, major flexibility required by customers ever-changing demand and personalization requirement will force manufacturer to lower their costs and profit as much as possible. 4. Successful companies As seen above, future leading on the automobile industry will have to be ?Able to face major investment costs, with available cash flow and not ugly from major high production costs, including for example the healthcare and retirement problem the 3 major US manufacturers are facing. Able to reduce prices as much as possible, by offshoring, reducing wages, automation and innovation in production management. ?Able to flexibly adapt their models to the demand. That requires production adaptation as well as deep understanding of the local markets , notably through a strong retail network. However, the evolution of transportation conditions and wages in developing countries (see 5) will provide incentives for near shoring. Companies from BRIC countries will not as a consequence benefit from better costs conditions on their own countries, despite the developing costs will be under control.Moreover, developing an efficient retail network within 5 year is very strong challenge. To conclude, the companies that are likely to pull ahead on the world automobile industry during the next 5 years are production efficient and huge companies, which have already entered the major world markets and solved their major cost issues. 5. Ford solutions Where considering the three majors key points exposed above answering question 4, it can be deduced that Ford will have to face important issues to keep its position on the international automobile industry, especially with the new entrant threats.As a consequence, one major issue that Ford will have to address is the healthcare and retirements plans that lie in its balance sheet, and degrade its capacity to invest. Some great negotiation will unions will consequently have to occur. General Motors show a path during the year 2008 that could be used by Ford as well. As squelch on costs will still be prevalent, Ford will have to adapt its production tool. Some great effort on flexibility will have to be made, to be able to quickly react to the customer changing needs.May new factories need to be built, they should be place near shore their target market. This strategy will allow cost reduction as well as adaptations to the local markets, which always show some important differences even if the market structure is often the same. To reduce costs, Ford will probably have to reduce its brands portfolio (for example to 3 or 4 brands in the US), to cover the whole industry market while lowering developing model costs and keeping fixed costs under control.Finally, one important point would be to get more important control over distribution channel, as it is a greater profitable industry that the manufacturer industry. Moreover, it appears from some analysis (see 8) that the added value is mostly located into that area customer can feel the differentiation there rather than on the pure manufactory area.

Royal Bank of Scotland Staff Management

violet believe of Scotland Staff ManagementThe Royal Bank of ScotlandExecutive SummaryRoyal Bank of Scotlands rapid expansion into the global market as a dischargest its roots as a national bank, has exposed the bank to the ripple effect created by the precipitate in the USA housing market, which has guide the global banking industry into greater economic crisis. As a solving of RBSs exposure to the current financial crisis, this breed shall(a) looks at the difficulties involve in ledeing and motivating stave of RBS as it navigates its way out of the crisis.The difficulties with track faculty of RBS that shall be looked into involve, lack of In-depth and technical familiarity by the board and the CEO, Managing gardening, Managing Change, Loss of reputation, and G all oernment Interference.Understanding and satisfying of staffs need in this current financial crisis whitethorn be a difficult origin for the wishment of RBS, this report shall also evaluate the difficulties of motivating staff of RBS ranging from government influence, disparity in pay, customary outcry and challenges in satisfying the need of all(prenominal) employee of RBSLastly the report shall recommend operable solutions that ar applicable to the current financial crisis to the management of RBS.1.0 IntroductionThe environment where business operates has a major concern on its operation. Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) operates in the UK financial industry which is one of the strongest financial hubs in the world. Porter (1998) s finishs that a business will be prosperous if all the elements of the microenvironment are favourable to the organisation, this can not be in isolation of the macroenvironmental factors which also dictates the success of an organisation. The current financial crisis, was ignited by the smooth in the USA housing market, and has a ripple effect which has exposed RBS and the UK banking industry as a whole, this has led to the liquidity problem been fac e by the industry and the loss of confidence in the banking industry.Companies that market products or services have always had to deal with a wider range of issues than those encountered by domestic firms (Jeannet and Hennessey 1998).Royal Bank of Scotlands rapid expansion into the global market as against its roots as a national bank, has exposed the bank to greater economic crisis. The tonic chairman headed by Sir Philip Hampton in his bid to reform the bank has rooted out seven non executive directors and the former CEO Sir Fred Godwin who spearheaded the Global expansion, and appointed a new CEO Stephen Hester. In 2008 RBS sort declared a loss of 28bn the biggest loss in British corporate history (www.guardian.co.uk) and this has culminated into several lay impinge on of staff. The Government in its effort to save the bank has injected some fund into the banks business and now owns round 70% of the bank.RBS has laid off some thousands of its workforces over the past year, t here is consistent criticism from the media and the general public about bankers pay and revenge, banks exposure to the global crisis, governments control power etc, all these have displace polar signal to the remaining staff and also create difficulties in leading and motivating these staff by the management.2.0 Leading Staff Of RBS During The Financial CrisisIt takes a mentally tough and emotionally strong CEO and a competent Board to survive the current crisis. Kotter (1996) as cited by Robins and Judge (2007) says management is about coping with complexity by apparatusing the vision and strategy provided by leaders, coordinating and staffing the organisation for smooth operation, while leadership on the former(a) hand in contrast is about coping with transmutes, by having ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a set of goals.Robin and Judge (2007) also group leadership theories into two, Charismatic and transformational leadership. But says Transformational leadership builds on the transactional leadership The charismatic leadership theory.Charismatic leaders have vision, willing to take personal risk, refined to follower ask. These individuals are set aside from ordinary people and treated as endowed with exceptional qualities and are given unprecedented autonomy and resources, which wherefore makes such individual to posses ability to leverage higher salaries and reward even when their performance was not very good, high risk taker, incur high follow and engage in self sacrifice to achieve the vision, and engaging in unconventional behaviour. These traits were seen in Sir Fred Godwin character, though to some extent the staff and board were quelled with him originally the current crisis, entirely such attri onlyes may be difficult to lead staff and the whole of RBS group in this current crisis judging by their recent performance (Refer to Appendix 1). The Transformational leadership theoryTransformational leaders are known fo r providing vision and sense of mission, communicates high hope, inspirational motivation, careful problem settlement skills etc, except it also build up on the characteristic of transactional such as the contract exchange for reward, and management by exception. These set of individual liven staff to put in more effort to achieve the business objectives and goals, and also help staff at looking at old issues in a different way by been more innovative and creative. These traits are been seen in the new CEO Stephen Hester and such characters may seems to fit in to lead in this current financial crisis2.1 Challenges with leading staff of RBS out of this current financial crisis In-depth and technical knowledge of the boardAccording to Peter Principle, In a hierarchy every employee tends to rise to level of incompetence. The remuneration package approved by the former board of RBS has shown that though the board has some financial experts but the full understanding of the former CEO package which led to the public outcry was not fully understood by some members of the board in the beginning they approved it. This was also emphasised by Ministers who believed that it was not only Lord Myners who did not know that Sir Freds pension was discretionary. They believed that the old board of RBS was kept in the dirty too (www.bbc.co.uk). The current board has several financial experts with years of experience functional in the industry but this til now does not guarantee that all strategies and decision do by them shall be perfect. In-depth and technical knowledge of CEODive (2009) argue that most CEOs do not know how to establish accountable organization. RBS was reported to have lost over 600m in Madoffs alleged investing scam. This could have been attributed to the lack of understanding and technical knowledge of such investment exhibited by the former CEO Fred Godwin before venturing into such a risky investment scam. only the new CEO too could have being tr icked into such investment because it is very hard for CEO to posses in-depth and technical knowledge of all the financial operations and investment. But not withstanding CEO should strive enough to develop or gain the full understanding of some decision they might have made in past and to be able to correct some anomaliesWhen eggs card terminated over 100,000 of its credit card customer in February 2008, the CEO said he believes they pose an unacceptably high risk to the company, this was gage up by Angela Knight, foreland executive of the British Bankers Association, who said that Eggs action was a sensible way of looking after a business (news.bbc.co.uk). Managing civilisationAnother difficulty leaders are likely to face in the current financial crisis is the ability to manage culture. Leaders need to know how to manage culture that exit inwardly its organisation and the environment where it operates. The issue that leaders face at each of their organisational growth stages are different, partly because the lineament that culture plays at each stage is completely different (Schein 2004). The inability by banks chiefs to manage the bonus culture that exits within the financial institution in UK has led to public outcry and different criticism about the ability of these executives to run a profitable company and at the same time manage its staff. Stephen Hester who was brought to retroversion RBS might be faced with managing culture because it is a barrier to change, and change is prone to resistance.Stephen Hester is expected to deal with lavish executive perks in RBS which has become a culture in the banking industry, such as the 17m private jet used by Sir Fred Godwin, and heavy pension schemes. However Stephen Hester too according to (www.dailymail.co.uk) lives an expensive life sentence style such a 350 acres of country estate, expensive mansion in London, and large option reward. This is a culture that has been in the industry for preferably so me time and it may be difficult for any new CEO to change because he too might have been a supporter at a point in time, and also for the position of a CEO of a large financial organisation like RBS to be attractive, the reward needs to be competitive. This is a major challenge that Stephen Hester and the board might faced in leading at this point of time. Managing ChangeJohnson et al (2001) say when a business is in terminal decline and faces closure or takeover, there is a need for rapid and extensive change in align to achieve cost reduction and revenue generation. Stephen Hester was appointed not only as CEO at RBS but implied as a change operator who will carry out a rapid change within the bank. Change is a major challenge and may be difficult to implement than it seems at first because while changing the business strategies and operation, one has to change the people and their orientation. Balogun and Hailey (2004) say success rate for most of the change programme launched within organisation is poor and the failure rate is 70%. However Stephen needs to find ways of ensuring that the outcome is positive change rather than damaging to the business.RBS in its bid to be back to a profitable organisation has embarked on different change management processes which have led to some job cut, however resistance to these changes is expected. Rob Macgregor, Unites national officer, said the union was appalled that thousands of people, who form the backbone of the RBS operations, are to be made redundant. He added These employees are totally stainless for the current position which RBS is in, yet they are paying for the mistakes at the top of the bank. (www.guardian.co.uk) Loss of reputationAdams Equity Theory says the more upset people sign the greater they strive to redress the inequity. The general public and the medias impression of banks and financial institution has led to the loss of reputation of most banks in the UK , which was even seen in the damage done to the expression of RBS by angry protester in April 2009 during the G20 meeting in London. This has created fear into the members of staff of RBS not to be attacked in public once people know that they work for the bank. And this may even force some to leave the organisation or think about a life story in another industry. Government InterferenceThe injection of over 20bn by the UK government to salvage the RBS from collapse has led to major influence of government in the decision to be made by the current Board and CEO. Decision made by management must(prenominal) always be the one pol will prefer rather than the one that will be of best economic interest to the bank. The recent announcement by the bank to cut 9000 jobs over the next 3 years which might result in a savings of over 2.5bn (www.guardian.co.uk) was strongly rejected by the Politician , and the banks deputy chief executive had to change their strategy from job cut to redeployment of staff while facing the MP s. This is a vital challenge that faces the management of RBS in leading the staff for a profitable organisation.3.0 Staff MotivationUnhappy staff are known to have little chance to produce satisfied customers, so the more contented staff are, the higher customer satisfaction will be. The management of RBS needs to integrate individual needs along with the organisational goals in other to achieve the business objectives, but motivation of staff comes with different challenges.3.1 Challenges with Motivating staff of RBS during the current financial crisis External influencesA key difficulty been faced by most organisations during this global financial crisis is that they have placed too much attention on the external environment, at the detriment of the internal working environment. RBS continuous laying off staff with the aim of cutting cost was a result of its exposure to the global economic crisis, liquidity in the market, and pivot in stock value. This is a demotivating action t o the staff of RBS but the management and board of RBS might want to first readdress it position in the banking industry before it can then focus on the staff extreme needs. Reward StructureThe pluralist perspective of organisational conflict according to Lashley and Ross (2003 ) emphasises that conflict between subgroups is inevitable, and therefore it must be handled and managed carefully . Because of the higher pay package being offered to some investment staff of RBS, some group of staff in the retail and commercialised sector of business may believed that they are being underpaid and at the same time bring in lesser risk, this may result in different conflict and complex issues arising among staff.Also the need for reward when target is met may be valued by some top performing investment staff within the bank, and they may threaten to leave if they are not been compensated competitively with what is obtainable in the industry.Increased wages are precisely what RBS may not be a ble to provide during this storming period however Nelson (2005) has also said though money is a factor of motivation, but not qualified condition alone to attract, retain and motivate good employees. Satisfying needs of all staffMoney may not be provided everytime while taste perception and involvement of staff which are seen as other means of motivation can be provided any time. The problem with this, is understanding the need of all members of staff of RBS and aligning organisation policies with these needs.Maslow hierarchy of needs says before the self actualisation of need can be met, the basic life needs needed to be met, and he also said when a need is satisfied it no longer motivates and the next higher need takes its place (Refer to Appendix 2).Maslow hierarchy of needs might be ineffective when organisation is faced with too many external factors. Virtually almost every staff of RBS is worried about their job security, public attack, loss of bonuses, and stigmatization o f banking profession. Therefore understanding and satisfying of staffs need in this current financial crisis may be a difficult assess for the management of RBS. Government Interference/ public outcryThe Government forced down the 2008 bonuses that were supposed to be paid to staff of Lloyd bank, as a result of government ownership in the bank and the poor performance of the bank in 2008, while some staff see these as unfair word because they met their target and they deserve their bonuses. This was supported by Unite trade union who says they will not accept a situation where staff are made to suffer financially for the mistakes or greed of the top executives who ran the bank. This could be demotivating to staff that work in the three banks where government have control, in which RBS is one of them4.0 tributeLeading and motivating is an integral part of managing people in an organisation, because people are major asset to such organisation. Gratton (2000) says people should be t reated with politeness, respect, lordliness and fairness. This can help to build an organisation where people can grow and flourish and at the same time save management reputation when they acted wrongOrganisation branding could help to motivate employee, it helps to give them a job securities and the status that is attached to the branded company. Media can be used to gain back the good image RBS is known for, and also management should avoid action or event that may put the company into public debate by ensuring that ethical decision are taken all the time.Businesses that survive the trying times are the ones whose leaders adopt a attitude of discovery and change, quite of resistances. Johnson et al (2001) suggest five style of change management Education communication, Collaboration/participation, intervention, direction, coercion, some of which can be used by the management of RBS while turning the business around.Though RBS do appraise its staff regularly the use of managem ent by objective (MBO) as part of its performance cadence for staff may be very much ideal in this era, in order to align both the goal of individual staff with that of the organisation.butler (2009) says that in a multicultural organisation, transformational leadership demonstrates care for the personal relationships with a diverse group of people that in turn builds better leader-member exchanges, trust and organisational commitment.These shape of leadership traits might have been suggested to the board of RBS before the selection of Stephen Hester as the new CEO with the hope of changing the staffs paradigm and give them higher satisfaction. However a transformational leader will require more to be successful in this era , and this may include trust and been ethical, in other to gain the respect and to remove the stigma associated to CEO of big banks seen as selfish ,greedy, and extravagant lifestyle.Apart from the normal qualities of a good leader, two exceptional role that ma y be expected of the new leadership of Stephen Hester and the new Board at RBS are to provide team leadership, and self leadership roles.Team building is essential for every organisational development and growth. Task and problems are shared to enhance productivity, great leadership takes into account proper delegation amongst staff while still taking responsibility at the end of its completion.Leaders lead by good examples in era such as this, Josef Ackermann, CEO of deutsche Bank sworn to relinquish his bonus which runs into millions of Euros (www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk). This action has also prompted 3 other senior board members to agree to relinquish theirs as well. Which is now been used as a yardstick in the industry. Though Stephen Hester is new at RBS but there are some other processes or action through which he can control his own behaviour in order to exhibit self leadership roleHowever leadership though required some qualities but these qualities and the leadership styles varies along with the changes in the environment. Managing change may go with different kind of leadership style. Lewin et al (1939) identify Authoritarian, Democratic, and laissez-faire style as the three major classification of leadership style. Stephen Hester may decided to use any or combination of the styles. Whichever option adopted has its own shortcoming, therefore the management should discover it monitor the resistance and blend with any changes to its style that might fit any particular circumstances.Training is one of the strategies for success in organisation, the cultural change that is expected of the new board can be done through training of its staff. Also RBS Management is expected to come up with some practicable corporate and business strategies, which will give not only the shareholder confidence in the bank but inclusive of the staff, who will then be certain about their long term commitment to the business instead of the fear of losing their jobsRBS manageme nt need to put more efforts into the remaining staff so as not to lose the key ones, because of the amount of training and experience that has been impacted into them. 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